Der Anaesthesist
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
[The influence of different plasma substitutes on blood clotting and platelet function during and after operations (author's transl)].
It has been shown in clinical experiments that plasma substitutes generally have a specific-colloidal influence on special parts of the clotting system. These changes are predominant after infusion of dextran, since on one hand there is an inhibition of platelet function, and on the other hand a decrease in the activity of plasmatic clotting factors. ⋯ These reactions are due to colloid-specific effects only, which have been unknown up to now. Activities of plasmatic clotting factors, however, are not influenced by these substitutes.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
[Axillary plexus block with long-acting local anaesthetics (a comparative study of etidocaine and bupivacaine) (author's transl)].
Brachial and axillary plexus blockade was carried out on volunteers using a mixture of etidocaine 1% with adrenaline, and bupivacine 0,5% with adrenaline. Both drugs are long-acting local anaesthetics. ⋯ With the latter motor blockade seems to be more strongly influenced and significantly outlasts sensory sympathetic nerve block. The results and findings of other authors are discussed, and whether the different behaviour of the 2 long acting local anaesthetics in this context implies a different affinity of the drugs to the different types of nerves.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
[Epinephrine injection with enflurane anaesthesia: incidence of cardiac arrhythmias (author's transl)].
Two hundred patients, primarily A. S. A. status I and II, were prospectively divided into two groups of 100 each. ⋯ Epinephrine dosages were limited to those recommended for safe use with halothane anaesthesia. No patient in the control group experienced an arrhythmia, and only one patient in the study group developed a burst of premature ventricular contractions following adrenaline injection. The authors conclude that adrenaline may be given subcutaneously for hemostasis in patients under enflurane anaesthesia provided the safeguards established for halothane are observed.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
[The influence of hydroxyethyl starch on blood clotting (author's transl)].
It has been shown in clinical experiments that blood coagulation was delayed by Dextran 60 and Hydroxyethylstarch (HAS). During the postoperative period up to the 2nd postoperative day the measured clotting factors were decreased within the physiological range. ⋯ A similar effect of haemodilution as seen by haematocrit and blood viscosity results was produced by Dextran 60 and Hydroxyethylstarch. In the electrolyte group the values obtained did not show any significant influence on blood coagulation apart from a light and temporary trend to hypercoagulation during the day of operation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Clinical neuromuscular pharmacology of AH 8165 D, an azobis-arylimidazo-pyridinium-compound.
The neuromuscular blocking properties of AH 8165 D (1,1'azobis-(3-methyl-2-phenyl-1H-imidazo-1,2a-pyridinium)dibromide) were quantitatively studied in 50 patients, undergoing extra-abdominal surgery and anaesthetized with barbiturates, nitrous oxide, fentanyl and droperidol, by means of mechanograms of the hand muscles obtained by ulnar nerve stimulation. AH 8165 D is a rapid-acting nondepolarizing agent (full effect within 1--2 min) providing good intubation conditions similar to those obtained with suxamethonium. AH 8165 D may be considered to be indicated for emergency intubation in patients with full stomach when the risk of regurgitation is high. ⋯ Repeated doses show a cumulative effect. The neuromuscular blockade can easily be reversed by an anticholinesterase drug. AH 8165 D-induced muscle relaxation is always accompanied by a dose-dependent tachycardia limiting the clinical usefulness of this new drug.