Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
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Review Meta Analysis
Low-dose ketamine for acute pain control in the emergency department: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
There has been increased interest in the use of low-dose ketamine (LDK) as an alternative analgesic for the management of acute pain in the emergency department (ED). The objective of this systematic review was to compare the analgesic effectiveness and safety profile of LDK and morphine for acute pain management in the ED. ⋯ Low-dose ketamine and morphine had similar analgesic effectiveness within 60 minutes of administration with comparable safety profiles, suggesting that LDK is an effective alternative analgesic for acute pain control in the ED.
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Observational Study
Indications for Computed Tomography in Older Adult Patients with Minor Head Injury in the Emergency Department.
Older age is a risk factor for intracranial injury after head trauma, and computed tomography (CT) is generally recommended. We aimed to develop a clinical prediction rule for risk stratification to avoid CT head imaging in older adult patients with minor head injury, named Computed Tomography of the Head for the patients at Advanced age (CTHEAD). This was a single-center observational study in Japan that used retrospective chart review data to service a prediction rule that was prospectively validated. ⋯ Fifty-three (9.1%) patients in the validation cohort experienced the primary outcome. The results suggest that older adult patients with minor head injury may forgo head CT if they do not have high-risk mechanisms of injury, vomiting, witnessed loss of consciousness, or anterograde amnesia. External validation of this rule is needed.