Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
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To study the hemodynamic effects of exogenously administered endothelin-1 (ET-1), a peptide produced by endothelial cells with potent non-adrenergically mediated vasoconstrictor properties. ⋯ ET-1 is a potent vasoconstrictor. The combination of EPI and ENDO significantly improved CPP compared with that for either agent alone. ET-1 should be investigated further as a vasoconstrictor in cardiac arrest.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Oral intubation using a lighted stylet vs direct laryngoscopy in older children with cervical immobilization.
To compare the tracheal intubation success rates of blind oral intubation using a lighted stylet vs standard of direct laryngoscopy in anesthetized pediatric patients wearing rigid cervical collars. ⋯ Blind oral intubation using a lighted stylet under controlled conditions took longer than direct laryngoscopy. However, among those successful on the first intubation attempt, the times to intubation were not significantly different between groups (44.5 vs 52.9 sec). The lighted stylet technique is a viable alternative technique for intubating children who have concurrent cervical spine immobilization.
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To evaluate the response by families of incompetent, chronically debilitated, and/or terminally ill patients who were contacted for do-not-attempt-resuscitation (DNAR) status by an emergency physician (EP). ⋯ The EP can play an important role in assisting the decision making process of families of incompetent, chronically debilitated, and/or terminally ill patients regarding institution of DNAR orders in the ED. Improved communication regarding existing DNAR orders with chronic care facilities might minimize the rare complaints received from families with preestablished DNAR orders.
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To determine whether either bedside teaching alone (group A) or bedside teaching with written course materials (group B) improved written examination scores, satisfaction with the rotation, or clinical grades of rotating PGY1 residents. ⋯ Both instructional methods were associated with improved written test performance. Written course materials did not augment bedside teaching in terms of test scores, clinical grades, or satisfaction with the rotation. At a university-based, high-volume ED, bedside teaching offers educational benefit to rotating PGY1 residents that may not be augmented by written course materials.
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To determine the sensitivity of the initial new-generation CT (NGCT) scan interpretation for detection of acute nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and to decide whether lumbar puncture (LP) should follow a "normal" NGCT scan. ⋯ Initial interpretation of NGCT scans to detect SAH does not approach 100% sensitivity. A "normal" NGCT scan does not reliably exclude the need for LP in patients who have symptoms suggestive of SAH.