Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Topical tetracaine attenuates the pain of infiltration of buffered lidocaine.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
A pharmacokinetic comparison of acetaminophen products (Tylenol Extended Relief vs regular Tylenol)
To compare the pharmacokinetics of Tylenol Extended Relief (ER APAP) with those of immediate-release acetaminophen (IR APAP) at supratherapeutic doses. ⋯ In this model involving a single supratherapeutic dose, ER APAP evidenced no pharmacokinetic features that would suggest the need for an alternate poisoning screening strategy. When compared with IR APAP, ER APAP had a lower AUC, all peak [APAP] occurred in < 4 hours, and terminal eliminations were identical. The data suggest that, in most cases, the diagnostic approach to an overdose of ER APAP need not deviate from that used for an IR APAP overdose.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Directional-tip endotracheal tubes for blind nasotracheal intubation.
To compare initial success rates of blind nasotracheal intubation using directional-tip endotracheal tubes vs standard endotracheal tubes. ⋯ The use of directional-tip tubes may improve the success rate of the first attempt at BNTI.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
The efficacy of a standard training program for transillumination-guided endotracheal intubation.
To evaluate the success rate, intubation time, and complication rate of transillumination-guided intubation following two hours of instruction in the use of the Trachlight (TL) device. ⋯ A two-hour training session, including five successful light-guided intubations using the TL, was inadequate for producing acceptable success rates during manikin intubations by paramedic students. While TL intubation intervals were shorter when successful, the 2.2-second difference was not clinically meaningful. The incidence of trauma in our manikin model during TL intubations was significantly lower than that with DL.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison trial of four injectable anesthetics for laceration repair.
To compare four injectable anesthetics (buffered 1% lidocaine, buffered 1% lidocaine with epinephrine, plain 1% lidocaine with epinephrine, and 0.5% diphenhydramine with epinephrine) for pain of infiltration and effectiveness of anesthesia during suturing of minor lacerations. ⋯ Buffered lidocaine with epinephrine and lidocaine with epinephrine were more effective anesthetics during suturing, according to both the physicians and the patients. There was a tendency toward less pain with infiltration in buffered solutions, compared with plain lidocaine with epinephrine, but the comparisons did not reach statistical significance. Diphenhydramine with epinephrine was more painful to inject than were buffered lidocaine with epinephrine and lidocaine with epinephrine, and was less effective anesthetically than the other three solutions.