Shock : molecular, cellular, and systemic pathobiological aspects and therapeutic approaches : the official journal the Shock Society, the European Shock Society, the Brazilian Shock Society, the International Federation of Shock Societies
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If the inflammatory response becomes excessive or uncontrolled by some stimuli, inappropriate inflammatory responses occur. Monocytes are extremely important cells for regulating the cytokine network and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) and interleukin- (IL) 10, which are mainly synthesized by monocytes, are representative cytokines that play a central role in the cytokine network. Protease inhibitors such as gabexate mesilate (GM) and ulinastatin (UTI) have been shown to have various beneficial effects by inhibiting the activation of leukocytes, but the mechanism for this has yet to be fully elucidated. ⋯ GM also suppressed the NFkappaB activity of LPS-stimulated monocytes. UTI decreased the TNFalpha production of LPS-stimulated monocytes, but did not inhibit the TNFalpha mRNA expression. The present study shows that the inhibitory effect of GM on the TNFalpha production of activated human monocytes is mediated by the suppression of NFkappaB activation, while the mechanism of UTI inhibiting TNFalpha production of human monocytes may be due to the inhibition of either the translation or secretion of TNFalpha.