Shock : molecular, cellular, and systemic pathobiological aspects and therapeutic approaches : the official journal the Shock Society, the European Shock Society, the Brazilian Shock Society, the International Federation of Shock Societies
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Severe burn causes systemic inflammation and hypercatabolism, resulting in damage to multiple organs distant to the burn site, including the musculoskeletal system. Bone mass and muscle loss have been reported. However, tendon that connects bone and muscle has not been studied in comparable detail. ⋯ Biomechanical analysis showed a decrease in stiffness and ultimate force of tendons in burn rats. We conclude that tendinopathy was observed in Achilles tendon 14 days after severe burn, via the induction of inflammation and remodeling. The present study provides a model of tendinopathy that may be used for the development of therapeutic approaches after burn.
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Hydrogen gas (H2) exerts a beneficial effect against traumatic brain injury (TBI). microRNA-21 (miR-21) is one of the most highly expressed members of small non-coding microRNA family in mammalian cells. miR-21 can improve the neurological outcome after TBI. In the present study, we investigated whether H2 treatment could improve the neurological outcome after TBI via increasing miR-21 expression. TBI was induced by controlled cortical impact in rats. ⋯ Furthermore, intracerebroventricular infusion of miR-21 agomir increased the level of miR-21 expression and decreased the lesion volume after TBI. In addition, H2 treatment decreased the levels of oxidative products (malondialdehyde and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α) and increased the activities of endogenous antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) in brain after TBI, which were prevented by miR-21 antagomir. Taken together, these data indicate that H2 treatment improves the neurological outcome after TBI via increasing miR-21 expression.
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We have developed hemoglobin vesicles (HbVs) as a substitute for red blood cells (RBCs). We investigated the efficacy of HbV transfusion in the treatment of massive hemorrhage in rabbits in the setting of thrombocytopenic coagulopathy, focusing on the efficacy of hemostasis by subsequent platelet transfusion. ⋯ HbV transfusion effectively rescued rabbits from severe hemorrhage with coagulopathy, without disturbing hemostasis after the platelet transfusion. HbV transfusion may be practical and useful in prehospital resuscitation.
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Clinical Trial Observational Study
Early Prediction of Persistent Organ Failure by Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Patients With Acute Pancreatitis.
Increased circulating endothelial progenitor cells (cEPC) have been observed in patients with vascular injury associated with sepsis and acute lung injury. However, a role for cEPC in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) remains unclear. We therefore conducted a prospective study to study whether the quantities of cEPC can predict persistent organ failure (POF) in patients with predicted SAP. ⋯ Peripheral EPC as a novel biomarker is elevated and may aid to predict the development of POF in patients with predicted SAP.