American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Sep 2007
Comparative StudyCarbon monoxide poisoning: risk factors for cognitive sequelae and the role of hyperbaric oxygen.
Carbon monoxide poisoning is common and causes cognitive sequelae. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO(2)) reduces cognitive sequelae incidence, but which patients may benefit from HBO(2) is unclear. ⋯ HBO(2) oxygen is indicated for patients with acute CO poisoning who are 36 years or older or have exposure intervals greater than or equal to 24 hours. In addition, subgroup analyses support that patients with loss of consciousness or higher carboxyhemoglobin levels warrant HBO(2).
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Sep 2007
Comparative Study Clinical TrialSix-second spirometry for detection of airway obstruction: a population-based study in Austria.
The presence of airway obstruction is currently defined by Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines on the basis of the post-bronchodilator (BD) FEV(1)/FVC. It has been proposed that the traditional FVC can be replaced with the shorter and less demanding FEV(6) for detecting airway obstruction. ⋯ Six-second spirometry maneuvers (which measure FEV(6)) are as sensitive and specific for post-BD airway obstruction as traditional (prolonged exhalation time) FVC maneuvers only when the definition of airway obstruction includes a low FEV(1).
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Sep 2007
Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta inhibition attenuates asthma in mice.
Persistent activation of nuclear factor-kappaB has been associated with the development of asthma. Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta is known to regulate the activity of nuclear factor-kappaB. ⋯ Our findings suggest that inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta may provide a novel means for the treatment of allergic airway inflammation.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Sep 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyProphylactic heparin in patients with severe sepsis treated with drotrecogin alfa (activated).
Patients with severe sepsis frequently receive prophylactic heparin during drotrecogin alfa (activated) (DrotAA) treatment due to risk of venous thromboembolic events (VTEs). Biological plausibility exists for heparin to reduce DrotAA efficacy and/or increase bleeding. ⋯ Compared with placebo, concomitant prophylactic heparin was not equivalent, did not increase 28-day mortality, and had an acceptable safety profile in patients with severe sepsis receiving DrotAA. Heparin discontinuation should be carefully weighed in patients considered for DrotAA treatment. XPRESS clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 00049777). The study ID numbers are 6743; F1K-MC-EVBR.