American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Nov 2008
IL-23 and Th17 cells enhance Th2-cell-mediated eosinophilic airway inflammation in mice.
The IL-23-IL-17A-producing CD4(+) T-cell (Th17 cell) axis plays an important role in the development of chronic inflammatory diseases, including autoimmune diseases. However, the role of the IL-23-Th17 cell axis in the regulation of allergic airway inflammation is still largely unknown. ⋯ IL-23 and Th17 cells not only induce Th17-cell-mediated neutrophilic airway inflammation but also up-regulate Th2-cell-mediated eosinophilic airway inflammation.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Nov 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialDaclizumab improves asthma control in patients with moderate to severe persistent asthma: a randomized, controlled trial.
Airway inflammation in asthma is associated with increased activated CD25(+) T cells, IL-2, and soluble IL-2 receptors (IL-2Rs). ⋯ Daclizumab improved pulmonary function and asthma control in patients with moderate to severe chronic asthma inadequately controlled on ICS. The mechanism of action likely involves inhibition of proinflammatory cytokine generation by IL-2R blockade in activated T cells. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00028288).
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Nov 2008
IL-32, a novel proinflammatory cytokine in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the lung, yet the mechanisms that regulate this immune-inflammatory response are not fully understood. ⋯ This is the first study to demonstrate increased expression of IL-32 in lung tissue of patients with COPD, where it was colocalized with tumor necrosis factor-alpha and correlated with the degree of airflow obstruction. These results suggest that IL-32 is implicated in the characteristic immune response of COPD, with a possible impact on disease progression.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Nov 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyTreatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with etanercept: an exploratory, placebo-controlled trial.
An efficacious medical therapy for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) remains elusive. ⋯ In this exploratory study in patients with clinically progressive IPF, etanercept was well tolerated. Although there were no differences in the predefined endpoints, a decreased rate of disease progression was observed on several measures. Further evaluation of TNF antagonists in the treatment of IPF may be warranted. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 00063869).
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Nov 2008
Serum inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor and matrix hyaluronan promote angiogenesis in fibrotic lung injury.
The etiology and pathogenesis of angiogenesis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is poorly understood. Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor (IaI) is a serum protein that can bind to hyaluronan (HA) and may contribute to the angiogenic response to tissue injury. ⋯ Our findings indicate that serum IaI interacts with HA, and promotes angiogenesis in lung injury. IaI appears to contribute to the vascular response to lung injury and may lead to aberrant angiogenesis. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00016627).