American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jan 2013
Asthmatic airway neutrophilia after allergen challenge is associated with the glutathione S-transferase M1 genotype.
Asthma is a heterogeneous lung disorder characterized by airway inflammation and airway dysfunction, manifesting as hyperresponsiveness and obstruction. Glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) is a multifunctional phase II enzyme and regulator of stress-activated cellular signaling relevant to asthma pathobiology. A common homozygous deletion polymorphism of the GSTM1 gene eliminates enzyme activity. ⋯ The functional GSTM1 genotype promotes neutrophilic airway inflammation in humans with atopic asthma in vivo.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jan 2013
The interplay between the effects of lifetime asthma, smoking, and atopy on fixed airflow obstruction in middle age.
The contribution by asthma to the development of fixed airflow obstruction (AO) and the nature of its effect combined with active smoking and atopy remain unclear. ⋯ Active smoking and current clinical asthma both contribute substantially to fixed AO in middle age, especially among those with atopy. The interaction between these factors provides another compelling reason for atopic individuals with current asthma who smoke to quit.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jan 2013
CXCL10-CXCR3 enhances the development of neutrophil-mediated fulminant lung injury of viral and nonviral origin.
Patients who developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) after infection with severe respiratory viruses (e.g., severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus, H5N1 avian influenza virus), exhibited unusually high levels of CXCL10, which belongs to the non-ELR (glutamic-leucine-arginine) CXC chemokine superfamily. CXCL10 may not be a bystander to the severe virus infection but may directly contribute to the pathogenesis of neutrophil-mediated, excessive pulmonary inflammation. ⋯ CXCL10-CXCR3 signaling appears to be a critical factor for the exacerbation of the pathology of ARDS. Thus, the CXCL10-CXCR3 axis could represent a prime therapeutic target in the treatment of the acute phase of ARDS of nonviral and viral origins.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jan 2013
Letter Case ReportsTsunami lung accompanied by multiple disorders.