American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
-
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jul 2013
Evolution of mortality over time in patients receiving mechanical ventilation.
Baseline characteristics and management have changed over time in patients requiring mechanical ventilation; however, the impact of these changes on patient outcomes is unclear. ⋯ Patient characteristics and ventilation practices have changed over time, and outcomes of mechanically ventilated patients have improved. Clinical trials registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01093482).
-
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jul 2013
Effects of allergic phenotype on respiratory symptoms and exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) guidelines make no recommendations for allergy diagnosis or treatment. ⋯ Among individuals with COPD, evidence of an allergic phenotype is associated with increased respiratory symptoms and risk of COPD exacerbations.
-
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jul 2013
Serum amyloid A promotes lung neutrophilia by increasing IL-17A levels in the mucosa and γδ T cells.
Neutrophilic inflammation is an important pathologic feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and infectious exacerbations of COPD. Serum amyloid A (SAA) promotes neutrophilic inflammation by its interaction with lung mucosal ALX/FPR2 receptors. However, little is known about how this endogenous mediator regulates IL-17A immunity. ⋯ The SAA-IL-17A axis represents an important innate defense network that may underlie persistent neutrophilic airway inflammation in COPD and modulating the ALX/FPR2 receptor represents a novel approach to targeting aberrant IL-17A-mediated lung immunity.
-
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Jul 2013
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2 protects against polymicrobial sepsis by enhancing bacterial clearance.
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM-2) is a cell surface receptor primarily expressed on macrophages and monocyte-derived cells. TREM-2 not only functions as a regulator of inflammatory response, but also serves as a phagocytic receptor for bacteria. However, the role of TREM-2 in sepsis remains unknown. ⋯ TREM-2 plays an important role in the host defense response to sepsis by enhancing bacterial clearance.