American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Dec 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialEarly Respiratory Microbiota Composition Determines Bacterial Succession Patterns and Respiratory Health in Children.
Many bacterial pathogens causing respiratory infections in children are common residents of the respiratory tract. Insight into bacterial colonization patterns and microbiota stability at a young age might elucidate healthy or susceptible conditions for development of respiratory disease. ⋯ These findings provide novel insights into microbial succession in the respiratory tract in infancy and link early-life profiles to microbiota stability and respiratory health characteristics. New prospective studies should elucidate potential implications of our findings for early diagnosis and prevention of respiratory infections. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00189020).
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Dec 2014
RBCs Induce Necroptosis of Lung Endothelial Cells and Increase Susceptibility to Lung Inflammation.
Red blood cell (RBC) transfusions are associated with increased risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in the critically ill, yet the mechanisms for enhanced susceptibility to ARDS conferred by RBC transfusions remain unknown. ⋯ RBC transfusion enhances susceptibility to lung inflammation through release of HMGB1 and induces necroptosis of lung EC. Necroptosis and subsequent danger signal release is a novel mechanism of injury following transfusion that may account for the increased risk of ARDS in critically ill transfused patients.