American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Dec 2017
Lung Endothelial MicroRNA-1 Regulates Tumor Growth and Angiogenesis.
Vascular endothelial growth factor down-regulates microRNA-1 (miR-1) in the lung endothelium, and endothelial cells play a critical role in tumor progression and angiogenesis. ⋯ Endothelial miR-1 is down-regulated in NSCLC tumors and controls tumor progression and angiogenesis.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Dec 2017
miR-542 Promotes Mitochondrial Dysfunction and SMAD Activity and is Raised in ICU Acquired Weakness.
Loss of skeletal muscle mass and function is a common consequence of critical illness and a range of chronic diseases, but the mechanisms by which this occurs are unclear. ⋯ Elevated miR-542-3p/5p may cause muscle atrophy in intensive care unit patients through the promotion of mitochondrial dysfunction and activation of SMAD2/3 phosphorylation.
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Dec 2017
Adverse Heart-lung Interactions in Ventilator-induced Lung Injury.
In the original 1974 in vivo study of ventilator-induced lung injury, Webb and Tierney reported that high Vt with zero positive end-expiratory pressure caused overwhelming lung injury, subsequently shown by others to be due to lung shear stress. ⋯ In a classic model of ventilator-induced lung injury, high peak pressure (and zero positive end-expiratory pressure) causes respiratory swings (obliteration during inspiration) in right ventricular filling and pulmonary perfusion, ultimately resulting in right ventricular failure and dilation. Pulmonary edema was due to increased permeability, which was augmented by a modest (approximately 40%) increase in hydrostatic pressure. The lung injury and acute cor pulmonale is likely due to pulmonary microvascular injury, the mechanism of which is uncertain, but which may be due to cyclic interruption and exaggeration of pulmonary blood flow.