American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
-
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Mar 2017
Comparative StudyMicroCT Comparison of Preterminal Bronchioles in Centrilobular and Panlobular Emphysema.
Very little is known about airways that are too small to be visible on thoracic multidetector computed tomography but larger than the terminal bronchioles. ⋯ These results provide new information about small airways pathology in centrilobular and panlobular emphysema and show that these changes affect airways that are not visible with thoracic multidetector computed tomography scans but located proximal to the terminal bronchioles in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
-
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Mar 2017
Experimental Lung Injury Reduces KLF2 to Increase Endothelial Permeability via Regulation of RAPGEF3-Rac1 Signaling.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is caused by widespread endothelial barrier disruption and uncontrolled cytokine storm. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have linked multiple genes to ARDS. Although mechanosensitive transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) is a major regulator of endothelial function, its role in regulating pulmonary vascular integrity in lung injury and ARDS-associated GWAS genes remains poorly understood. ⋯ Disruption of endothelial KLF2 results in dysregulation of lung microvascular homeostasis and contributes to lung pathology in ARDS.
-
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Mar 2017
Multicenter StudyPermissive Underfeeding or Standard Enteral Feeding in High and Low Nutritional Risk Critically Ill Adults: Post-hoc Analysis of the PermiT trial.
The optimal nutritional strategy for critically ill adults at high nutritional risk is unclear. ⋯ Among patients with high and low nutritional risk, permissive underfeeding with full protein intake was associated with similar outcomes as standard feeding.
-
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Mar 2017
Asthma Trajectories in a Population-based Birth Cohort: Impacts of Air Pollution and Greenness.
The heterogeneity of asthma phenotypes may explain inconsistencies in observed associations with environmental exposures. ⋯ Traffic-related air pollution increased the probability of a chronic asthma trajectory.