American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
-
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · May 2021
The Association of Aging Biomarkers, Interstitial Lung Abnormalities, and Mortality.
Rationale: The association between aging and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis has been established. The associations between aging-related biomarkers and interstitial lung abnormalities (ILA) have not been comprehensively evaluated. Objectives: To evaluate the associations among aging biomarkers, ILA, and all-cause mortality. ⋯ Causal inference analysis showed that the association of age with ILA was mediated by IL-6 (P < 0.0001) and TNFR (P = 0.002) and was likely mediated by GDF15 (P = 0.008) in the FHS and was mediated by GDF15 (P = 0.001) in the COPDGene Study. Conclusions: Some aging-related biomarkers are associated with ILA. GDF15, in particular, may explain some of the associations among age, ILA, and mortality.
-
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · May 2021
Air Pollution as a Risk Factor for Incident COPD and Asthma: 15-Year Population-Based Cohort Study.
Rationale: Current evidence on the relationship between long-term exposure to air pollution and new onset of chronic lung disease is inconclusive. Objectives: To examine associations of incident chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and adult-onset asthma with past exposure to fine particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), and the redox-weighted average of NO2 and O3 (Ox) and characterize the concentration-response relationship. Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study of all Ontarians, aged 35-85 years, from 2001 to 2015. ⋯ In addition, we quantified that each IQR increase in pollution exposure yielded 3.0 (2.4-3.6), 3.2 (2.0-4.3), 1.9 (1.3-2.5), and 2.3 (1.7-2.9) excess cases of COPD per 100,000 adults for PM2.5, NO2, O3, and Ox, respectively. Furthermore, most pollutant-COPD relationships exhibited supralinear shapes. Conclusions: Air pollution was associated with a higher incidence of COPD but was not associated with a higher incidence of adult-onset asthma.