American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Mar 2024
Physiologic Effects of ECMO in Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.
Blood flow rate affects mixed venous oxygenation (SvO2) during venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), with possible effects on the pulmonary circulation and the right heart function. ⋯ In severe ARDS patients, increased ECMO blood flow rate resulting in higher SvO2 decreases pulmonary artery pressure, cardiac output, and right heart workload. This article is open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Mar 2024
CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing Allows Generation of the Mouse Lung in a Rat.
Recent efforts in bioengineering and embryonic stem cell (ESC) technology allowed the generation of ESC-derived mouse lung tissues in transgenic mice missing critical morphogenetic genes. While epithelial cell lineages were efficiently generated from ESC, other cell types were mosaic. A complete contribution of donor ESC to lung tissue has never been achieved. The mouse lung has never been generated in a rat. ⋯ A combination of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing and blastocyst complementation was used to produce mouse lungs in rats, making an important step toward future generations of human lungs using large animals as "bioreactors".
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Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. · Mar 2024
The Effect of Chronic Altitude Exposure on COPD Outcomes in the SPIROMICS Cohort.
Individuals with COPD have airflow obstruction and maldistribution of ventilation. For those living at high altitude, any gas exchange abnormality is compounded by reduced partial pressures of inspired oxygen. ⋯ Chronic altitude exposure is associated with reduced functional exercise capacity in individuals with COPD, but this did not translate into differences in symptoms or health status. Additionally, chronic high-altitude exposure did not affect progression of disease as defined by longitudinal changes in spirometry.