Medicina
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The article deals with the production of the complex tincture of Hyperici herba 80.0 g, Cinnamomi cortex 20.0 g, Rosmarini folium 20.0 g, Lavandulae flos 20.0 g, Zingiberis rhizoma 60.0 g and the selection of an extracting liquid phase, and the choice of extraction method. The experimentally determined optimal conditions for tincture preparation were as follows: concentration of ethanol--70% (V/V), the particle size of the leaves, herb, flowers--2.0-3.0 mm, for the bark and the roots--0.3-0.5 mm, the extraction method--percolation. The quality of the tincture was evaluated by analyzing the sum of flavonoids (recalculated into equivalent amount of rutin), dry residue, the concentration of ethanol, density of the extractive preparation, and microbial contamination. Also the overall appearance was checked, the identification of flavonoids was performed by color reactions and high-pressure liquid chromatography.
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Comparative Study
[Stair climbing test in prediction of postoperative complications after lung cancer surgery].
Preoperative physical state of a patient is very important for adaptation of the patient after lung resections. Purpose of this work is to evaluate an information factor of a stair-climbing test while predicting of postoperative complications after lung cancer surgery. Fifty two patients were examined, who passed lung surgery of different volume. ⋯ Postoperative course was normal for those patients (n=11) who were able to climb five or more flights of stairs. It was noticed that duration of postoperative period has an inverse proportion to a number of the climbed up footsteps. The stair-climbing test is a simple, safe, cheap and informative enough for prediction of postoperative cardiopulmonary complications after lung cancer surgery.
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Penetrating injury of neck is a complicated pathology, and there is more than one opinion of its treatment tactic in nowadays. Our recomendation is to refuse mandatory surgical exploration. ⋯ In cases with possibilities of full investigation of patients (panendoscopy, X-ray investigations, ultrasound investigations, angiography), we suggest the model of active observation. If there are no possibilities of full investigation, we prefer mandatory surgical exploration.
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Comparative Study
[Analysis of treatment outcomes after electric injuries (1991-2000)].
During the 1991-2000 year period 1728 children and 1967 adults have been treated in the Unit of Plastic Surgery and Burns of Kaunas Medical University Hospital. A retrospective analysis of patients who sustained electric injuries during these years period was carried out. Among all patients 93 (2.517%) were injured by electricity. 38 (40.86%) of them were children and 55 (59.14%)--adult patients. ⋯ Five patients of adult high voltage injury group needed amputation. Three of them needed amputation of forearm, one--of upper arm and one--of the calf. From low voltage injury group 3 patients needed amputations of one or two fingers and only one patient needed amputation of upper arm.
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The dangers of opioid overdose have been recognized for as long as the use of opium itself. When used correctly for medical purposes, opioids are remarkably safe and effective agents. ⋯ In a number of countries the use of heroin and other opioids in nonmedical contexts in associated with on increasing rate of overdose and often of fatal opioid overdose. This review article discusses opioid-receptor pharmacology, which is necessary for understanding of the signs and symptoms of opioid ingestion and management principles, clinical and toxic effects mediated with the opioids, the diagnosis and management guidelines in opioid intoxication, a clinical prediction rule to identify patients who can be safely discharge from hospital, the problems of the significant morbidity and mortality associated with opioid overdose.