Medicina
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Background and Objectives: The purpose of this study is to assess the long-term maintenance of each approach of sinus elevation, the crestal approach and lateral approach, by comparing the radiographic results of each technique. Materials and Methods: In total, 103 patients who had undergone an implant procedure with either the crestal approach or lateral approach method applied to their maxillary molar edentulous area were included. Using orthopantomographs, the radiographic changes were consistently evaluated over 3 years after the procedure (immediately after procedure and 1 year, 2 years and 3 years after implant placement) Results: The radiographic evaluation after 3 years of implantation with sinus elevation showed a significant amount of bone formation (8.07 mm for crestal approach and 12.00 mm for lateral approach method). ⋯ Conclusions: Although the lateral approach showed more bone growth, the amount of bone resorption was similar to that of the crestal approach. Both methods showed the highest amount of bone resorption in the first year, and the amount of change thereafter was insignificant. It is judged that both methods can be used according to the situation to help implant placement.
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Background and Objectives: Endoscopic sphenopalatine artery cauterization (ESPAC) has become a reliable and effective surgical procedure for managing posterior epistaxis. The objectives of our study were to evaluate the effectiveness of ESPAC in the management of posterior epistaxis and the possible factors that lead to the failure of the procedure. Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent ESPAC between 2018 and 2022. ⋯ In one patient, fat obliteration of the anterior and posterior ethmoid was also unsuccessful, and we performed an external carotid artery ligation at the level of the neck with no recurrence afterwards. Conclusions: Endoscopic cauterization of the sphenopalatine artery remains a safe, effective, and reliable surgical procedure in the management of recurrent posterior epistaxis. The use of anticoagulant drugs and the association of hypertension and other heart and liver diseases do not materialize as factors influencing surgical failure.
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Background and Objectives: We aimed to investigate the role of Wnt2 expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) prognosis and evaluate its potential as a therapeutic target in BRAF-mutated CRC. Materials and Methods: Exactly 136 samples of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded CRC tissue specimens were obtained from patients who underwent surgical resection for CRC. The gene mutation status of the samples was detected using fluorescence PCR. ⋯ Multivariate survival analyses indicated that high Wnt2 expression and BRAF mutations are significant independent predictors of CRC prognosis. Furthermore, high Wnt2 expression was significantly associated with BRAF-mutated CRC, and Wnt2 may be a potential therapeutic target for BRAF-mutated CRC. Conclusions: High Wnt2 expression confers poor prognosis in colorectal cancer and represents a novel therapeutic target in BRAF-mutated CRC.
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Background and Objectives: Sutureless aortic valve prostheses have presented favorable hemodynamic performance while facilitating minimally invasive access approaches. As the population ages, the number of patients at risk for aortic valve reoperation constantly increases. The aim of the present study is to present our single-center experience in sutureless aortic valve replacement (SU-AVR) in reoperations. ⋯ There was one case of intraprocedural death, while the thirty-day mortality was 11%. Conclusions: Sutureless bioprosthetic valves tend to simplify the surgical procedure of a redo AVR. By maximizing the effective orifice area, sutureless valves may present an important advantage, being a safe and effective alternative not only to traditional surgical prostheses but also to transcatheter valve-in-valve approaches in select cases.
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Brain capillary endothelial cell(s) (BECs) have numerous functions, including their semipermeable interface-barrier (transfer and diffusion of solutes), trophic (metabolic homeostasis), tonic (vascular hemodynamics), and trafficking (vascular permeability, coagulation, and leukocyte extravasation) functions to provide brain homeostasis. BECs also serve as the brain's sentinel cell of the innate immune system and are capable of antigen presentation. In metabolic syndrome (MetS), there are two regions resulting in the proinflammatory signaling of BECs, namely visceral adipose tissue depots supplying excessive peripheral cytokines/chemokines (pCCs) and gut microbiota dysbiotic regions supplying excessive soluble lipopolysaccharide (sLPS), small LPS-enriched extracellular vesicle exosomes (lpsEVexos), and pCCs. ⋯ BEC neuroinflammation activates perivascular space(s) (PVS) resident macrophages. Excessive phagocytosis by reactive resident PVS macrophages results in a stagnation-like obstruction, which along with increased capillary permeability due to BECact/dys could expand the fluid volume within the PVS to result in enlarged PVS (EPVS). Importantly, this remodeling may result in pre- and post-capillary EPVS that would contribute to their identification on T2-weighted MRI, which are considered to be biomarkers for cerebral small vessel disease.