Medicina
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Review Comparative Study
[Some aspects of diagnosis and treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (review of the literature)].
Cervical cancer has remained close to the forefront of oncologic studies even in our days. The incidence of the disease has changed little, except in those countries with effective screening programs. The morbidity in Lithuania reached 23.9/100,000 in the 2000's, while in comparison the morbidity in the 1994's was 20.4/100,000. ⋯ Since 1978 it is known that Human Papillomavirus is closely related to genital neoplasia--cervical, vulva, vagina, penis, anus intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive carcinoma. It is also known that cytologic smear is one of the most important way to diagnose cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cancer as well, because we can not evaluate cervical lesion visually. Cytologic smear remains the main principle of cancer screening because of its simplicity and accessibility, while colposcopy remains the method of examination in choice, when pathologic cytologic findings are determined.
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To examine the incidence of stroke during the first three years after a first-ever myocardial infarction. ⋯ The risk of stroke is identified as the highest one early after the myocardial infarction.
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Review Comparative Study
[Rehabilitation possibilities of the post-resection defects of facial bones and surrounding soft tissues in cancer patients (review of the literature)].
The review of the scientific literature, concerning contemporary treatment methods and materials of the post-resection defects of facial bones and surrounding soft tissues in cancer patients is presented in this article. The aloplastic endoprostheses, removable post-resection intraoral prostheses, fixed on implants and ectoprostheses, which are reconstructing the defects of soft facial tissues, are analysed more broadly. The advantages and leaks of these treatment methods are discussed, taking into account the problems, which are faced by the patients after the surgical and radiological treatment of malignant tumours of face and jaws. According to the data of Institute of Oncology, Vilnius University and Kaunas Medical University Clinics, from the beginning of the 1999 till the end of the 2000, 63 patients needed the rehabilitation after the treatment of the malignant tumours of face and jaws.
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The objective of our paper was to show the data of our treated patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. In the Department of Thoracic Surgery of Oncology Institute at Vilnius University from 1980 till 01.06.2002, 33 patients (pts), to whom diagnosis of pleural mesothelioma was confirmed by pathologist, were treated in the Clinic. A malignant pleural mesothelioma was diagnosed in 31 pts, two pts had a non-malignant form of mesothelioma. Among patients were 19 men and 14 women. The distribution of pts according to the stage of the disease was: I stage - 3, II - 1, III - 17, IV - 10. Videothoracoscopy is the best method for diagnosing pleural mesothelioma. Radical operations were performed only in 17 cases: 6 - pulmonectomy with pleuroectomy, 1 - lobectomy, 3 - atypical segmentectomy, 4 - pleuroectomy, 4 - tumorectomy. Thoracotomy was performed in 9 cases. Insufflation of talc was performed in 6 pts. Adjuvant therapy (chemotherapy or radiotherapy) was given to 10 pts. ⋯ 1. Diagnosis of malignant pleural mesothelioma is difficult and confirmation of the disease is possible only after histological examination of tumor. 2. The best results of treatment were achieved after combined treatment: surgery, after chemotherapy and radiotherapy. 3. In cases of pleural effusion of diffuse pleural mesothelioma insufflation of talc or other chemical substances into pleural cavity is recommended.
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Review Comparative Study
[Present-day approach to pharmacological and clinical aspects of novel antidepressants].
Depression is the most common illness that affects a large number of individuals in all countries. Recent evidence suggest that depressive episodes if left untreated may heighten severity of subsequent episodes and may increase need for more health care resources. The first antidepressants, tricyclics and monoamine oxidase inhibitors, became available in the late 1950s. ⋯ The combination of antidepressants is an important clinical issue. There are the following principles of combining antidepressants: 1. to combine mechanisms of action not just drugs, 2. to combine antidepressants and to promote pharmacological synergy and tolerability, 3. to use important synergies within the serotonin, noradrenaline and even dopamine monoaminergic systems. Adequate treatment of depression including modern treatment approaches has the potential to reduce suffering and disability substantially and minimise the risk of suicide.