Acta clinica Croatica
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Acta clinica Croatica · Jun 2020
Quantitative Analysis of Galectin-3 Expression in Benign and Malignant Thyroid Nodules.
In this study, galectin-3 was analyzed as a potential marker for preoperative detection of malignant thyroid lesions. Galectin-3 expression was analyzed by quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in preoperative thyroid fine-needle aspirates from 245 patients with thyroid nodules. ⋯ Galectin-3 showed specificity of 49.5%, sensitivity of 88.1%, positive predictive value of 27.2%, and negative predictive value of 95.1% as a marker for detection of malignant thyroid nodules. Owing to the relatively low positive predictive value due to the relatively high false positive rate, the clinical value of galectin-3 analyzed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR as a marker for preoperative detection of malignant thyroid lesions is limited.
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Acta clinica Croatica · Jun 2020
Case ReportsTreatment Approach to Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma Tumor Thrombus in the Internal Jugular Vein and Brachiocephalic Vein.
Thyroid gland carcinoma causing tumor thrombus in the great veins of the neck and mediastinum is a rare condition with poor prognosis. Invasion of the internal jugular vein by thyroid gland carcinoma has been occasionally reported, but tumor thrombi extending to the great veins of the mediastinum are reported extremely rarely. We present a treatment approach in a case of follicular thyroid carcinoma intravascular tumor thrombus in the left internal jugular and left brachiocephalic vein.
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Acta clinica Croatica · Jun 2020
The role of regulatory T lymphocytes in immune control of MC-2 fibrosarcoma.
The role of T regulatory lymphocytes (Treg) particularly in cancer is well known. The goal of the present study was to determine the contribution of these lymphocytes in the regulation of anti-tumor immunity of CBA/HZgr mice against MC-2 fibrosarcoma (4th generation of methylcholanthrene induced tumor). The levels of T lymphocytes (CD4+, CD8+ and CD4+CD25+) were determined 8 and 20 days after tumor transplantation. ⋯ Further, upon i.v. injecting specific monoclonal anti-Treg antibody tumor immediately prior to tumor cell intracutaneous transplantation, the tumor was rejected after initial growth. In treated mice, the incidence of Treg cells was very low initially, reaching normal values two weeks later. These animals were shown to be resistant to tumor transplantation four months later.
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Acta clinica Croatica · Jun 2020
ReviewProphylactic Central Neck Dissection in Well-differentiated Thyroid Cancer.
Well-differentiated cancers, both papillary and follicular, account for 90% of all diagnosed thyroid cancers. They have an indolent disease course with a 20-year disease-specific survival over 90%. According to current guidelines, the therapy of choice for well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma is total thyroidectomy or lobectomy. ⋯ There is no indication for prophylactic central neck dissection in follicular thyroid carcinomas, which primarily metastasize hematogenously. In small solitary papillary thyroid carcinomas (T1 and T2), prophylactic central neck dissection is not indicated as it does not bring benefits in terms of improved patient survival and at the same time significantly increases the risk of temporary and permanent postoperative complications. Prophylactic central neck dissection is indicated in advanced papillary thyroid cancers (T3 and T4) and all other high-risk well-differentiated thyroid cancer, as well as in the presence of metastatic lymph nodes in the lateral neck.
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Acta clinica Croatica · Jun 2020
Case ReportsPRIMARY HODGKIN'S LYMPHOMA OF THE BREAST INITIALLY TREATED BY SURGICAL EXCISION AND AXILLARY DISSECTION.
Primary breast lymphoma accounts for 0.04%-0.5% of all breast malignancies. Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of the breast are extremely rare and represent approximately 0.38%-0.7% of all cases. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been postulated to play an important role in the pathogenesis of Hodgkin's lymphoma. ⋯ A crucial part of the proper histopathologic diagnosis is immunohistochemistry. Different modalities of treatment include operative procedure, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Recent studies suggest chemotherapy and radiotherapy to be initial treatment for patients with primary breast lymphomas.