Journal of the American College of Surgeons
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With the increased use of molecular testing of thyroid fine-needle biopsies, the frequency and extent of thyroid resection for thyroid nodules has changed. Although the role of frozen-section analysis of the thyroid has been reduced markedly in recent years, many surgeons still routinely use it intraoperatively. We sought to determine the utility of frozen section during thyroidectomy in the era of molecular testing. ⋯ Thyroid frozen-section analysis adds cost and time to thyroid operations without notable benefit. In our cohort, only 2.1% of frozen sections accurately changed intraoperative management. We recommend against its routine use.
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Many remote-access approaches (RAAs) to the thyroid have been described to circumvent anterior neck scarring, including the transaxillary, robotic facelift, and transoral endoscopic vestibular approaches. These techniques have been popularized in Asia, but adoption has been slow in North America. We aimed to examine multi-institutional North American outcomes with RAA thyroidectomy in the context of these institutions' transcervical approach (TCA) outcomes. ⋯ Remote-access approach thyroidectomy can be performed in a select North American patient population with outcomes comparable with TCA.
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Implicit bias has been documented in candidate selection within academic medicine. Gender bias is exposed when writers systematically use different language to describe attributes of male and female applicants. This study examined the presence of gender bias in recommendation letters for surgical residency candidates. ⋯ Gendered differences examined through language and text exist in surgical residents' recommendation letters. Implementing tools to help faculty write recommendation letters with meaningful content and editing letters for reflections of stereotypes may improve the resident selection process by reducing bias.
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To better understand re-excision practice patterns after breast-conserving therapy (BCT), we evaluated variation in surgeon-specific re-excision rates and associated factors. ⋯ Marked variation exists in surgeon re-excision rates among patients undergoing BCT, which might represent unnecessary operations for patients and a financial burden to the healthcare system. Formalizing a re-excision frequency metric could have implications for quality improvement and data-driven surgeon feedback aimed at reducing unwarranted variation.
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Kentucky ranks first in the US in cancer incidence and mortality. Compounded by high poverty levels and a high rate of medically uninsured, cancer rates are even worse in Appalachian Kentucky. Being one of the first states to adopt the Affordable Care Act (ACA) Medicaid expansion, insurance coverage markedly increased for Kentucky residents. The purpose of our study was to determine the impact of Medicaid expansion on colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, diagnosis, and survival in Kentucky. ⋯ Implementation of Medicaid expansion led to a significant increase in CRC screening, CRC diagnoses, and overall survival in CRC patients with Medicaid, with an even more profound impact in the Appalachian population.