Journal of the American College of Surgeons
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Preliminary report of a prospective, randomized trial of underwater seal for spontaneous and iatrogenic pneumothorax.
Management of pneumothorax has traditionally been tube thoracostomy and -20 cm H2O suction. The purpose of our study was to determine if underwater seal in iatrogenic and spontaneous pneumothoraces is safe and efficacious and if small-caliber chest tubes are appropriate for routine use in pneumothorax. ⋯ Early underwater seal appears to be safe for treating iatrogenic and spontaneous pneumothoraces. It can achieve comparable frequencies of early chest tube removal and avoidance of operation compared with traditional management. A larger, multi-institutional study should be performed to demonstrate that pneumothorax treatment can effectively incorporate small-caliber tubes and underwater seal.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Tension-free repair versus watchful waiting for men with asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic inguinal hernias: a cost-effectiveness analysis.
Watchful waiting (WW) has been shown to be an acceptable option in men with asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic inguinal hernias when clinical and patient-reported outcomes are considered. Although WW is likely to be less costly initially when compared with tension-free repair (TFR) because of the cost of the operation, it is not clear whether WW remains the least costly option when longer-term costs are considered. ⋯ At 2 years, WW was a cost-effective treatment option for men with minimal or no hernia symptoms.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Proficiency maintenance: impact of ongoing simulator training on laparoscopic skill retention.
Proficiency-based training in laparoscopic suturing and knot tying translates to the operating room, but little is known about the durability of acquired skill. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of maintenance training on skill retention after demonstration of proficiency. ⋯ Although proficiency-based training results in excellent skill retention, ongoing training substantially enhances performance and minimizes skill loss. Curricula should incorporate training that fosters maintenance of proficiency.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Use of the ON-Q pain management system is associated with decreased postoperative analgesic requirement: double blind randomized placebo pilot study.
Narcotics are routinely used to decrease postoperative pain after laparotomy. But they are associated with unwarranted side effects. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of local perfusion of bupivacaine in decreasing narcotic consumption after midline laparotomy. ⋯ This preliminary pilot study revealed that the ON-Q pain management system after midline laparotomy, as part of a multimodal approach, is an effective approach to postoperative pain control.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of epsilon-aminocaproic acid for reducing blood loss in coronary artery bypass grafting surgery.
Epsilon-aminocaproic acid is a plasmin inhibitor that potentially reduces perioperative bleeding when administered prophylactically to cardiac surgery patients. To evaluate the efficacy of epsilon-aminocaproic acid, a prospective placebo-controlled trial was conducted in patients undergoing primary coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. ⋯ Prophylactic administration of epsilon-aminocaproic acid reduces postoperative thoracic-drainage volume by 30%, but it may not be potent enough to reduce the requirement and the risk for donor blood transfusion in cardiac surgery patients. This information is useful for deciding on a therapy for hemostasis in cardiac surgery.