JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Nov 2023
Vitamin B12 Deficiency among Metformin Treated Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus Patients Visiting the Department of Medicine of a Tertiary Care Centre.
About 424.9 million people worldwide are affected by Diabetes mellitus. Prevalence among people 20-79 years old in Nepal was 4% in 2017. It is associated with microvascular and macrovascular complications such as peripheral neuropathy leading to risk of foot ulcers and amputation, and impaired sensation in their feet. The study aimed to find the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency among metformin-treated type 2 diabetic patients visiting the Department of Medicine of a tertiary care centre. ⋯ diabetic neuropathy; metformin; type 2 diabetes; vitamin B12.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Nov 2023
Case ReportsChronic Lithium Toxicity in Old Age Patients Taking Angiotensin Receptor Blocker: A Case Report.
Chronic lithium toxicity is a potentially serious side effect on patients taking lithium for a prolonged period with the diagnosis of mood disorders. The toxicity is even higher in patients taking drugs that interfere with the metabolism of lithium like angiotensin receptor blockers and in older patients with reduced kidney function. In this report, we present the case of a 62-year-old woman who presented to the emergency department with symptoms including loose stools, generalised body weakness, slurred speech, coarse hand tremors, and dystonia persisting for fifteen days. She had been under lithium therapy for bipolar type 1 disorder for 15 years before experiencing these symptoms, which emerged shortly after the addition of telmisartan (angiotensinogen receptor blocker) for hypertension. ⋯ angiotensin receptor blocker; bipolar disorder; case reports; lithium; telmisartan.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Nov 2023
Hypovitaminosis D among Blood Samples of Patients Presenting to the Department of Biochemistry of a Tertiary Care Center.
Hypovitaminosis D is a global public health problem affecting approximately one billion people, with a particularly high prevalence in South Asia. Several hospital-based studies from Nepal show a high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D. However, large-scale community-based studies are lacking. The aim of the study was to find out the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D among blood samples of patients presenting to the Department of Biochemistry of a tertiary care centre. ⋯ prevalence; vitamin D; vitamin D deficiency.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Nov 2023
Multidrug Resistance among Patients with Surgical Site Infection in a Tertiary Care Centre.
Infections at surgical sites are a major problem all over the world. Pathogens linked to postoperative infections are becoming increasingly resistant to antibiotics, which presents a significant therapeutic challenge for surgeons and raises the financial burden placed on patients. The study aimed to find the prevalence of multidrug resistance among patients with surgical site infections in a tertiary care centre. ⋯ antimicrobial drug resistance; multidrug resistance; Staphylococcus aureus; surgical site infection.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Nov 2023
Refractive Error among Children Visiting the Department of Paediatric Opthalmology of a Tertiary Eye Care Center.
Refractive error is the inability of eyes to focus clearly on images. Visual impairment due to refractive error has a major impact on children's education and daily activities. The hospital has no documentation of the ocular morbidity related to refractive errors in children. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of refractive error in children visiting the Department of Paediatric Ophthalmology of a tertiary care centre. ⋯ astigmatism; hyperopia; myopia; refractive error; visual impairment.