JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Jan 2023
Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis among Patients Presenting to the Outpatient Department of Ophthalmology of a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.
Vernal keratoconjunctivitis is a seasonally recurring, bilateral inflammation of the conjunctiva, that occurs in male children with invariable personal or family history of atopy. It is characterized by interstitial inflammation of the cornea and can have sight-threatening complications if not treated in time. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of vernal keratoconjunctivitis among patients presenting to the outpatient department of ophthalmology of a tertiary care centre. ⋯ conjunctivitis; refractive error; vernal keratoconjunctivitis.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Jan 2023
Case ReportsAdenosquamous Carcinoma of Gallbladder with Unusual Prognosis: A Case Report.
The adenosquamous carcinoma of the gallbladder is a rare variant accounting for only 1-4% of all primary gallbladder carcinoma. Regardless of the histological types, all gallbladder carcinomas have silent and rapid progression resulting in delayed diagnosis and poor prognosis. Even with medical and/or surgical interventions, the median survival of patients with adenosquamous carcinoma, one of the histological variants, is less than a year. However, we present a case of adenosquamous carcinoma with an unusually better prognosis. A 70-year-old female patient, after being diagnosed with gallbladder carcinoma was suggested for surgical resection but was lost to follow-up since then. Two years later, the patient presented and was managed with extended cholecystectomy. The slow progression and non-recurrence of the tumour during follow-up for two years after the surgery indicates a better prognosis in this case. ⋯ carcinoma; case reports; cholecystectomy; prognosis.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Jan 2023
Anaemia among Third-trimester Pregnant Women in a Community Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.
Anaemia has haemoglobin levels of less than 11/100 ml in the first and third trimesters and less than 10/100 ml in the second. Maternal anaemia is a global health issue that has a negative impact on neonatal outcomes. The prevalence is more common in developing nations like Nepal. Positive correlations have been found between third-trimester maternal haemoglobin and neonatal birth weight. Our study aimed to find out the prevalence of anaemia among third-trimester of pregnant women in a community hospital. ⋯ anemia; maternal-child health services; prevalence.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Jan 2023
Case ReportsAcute Gastroenteritis Induced Adrenal Crisis in a patient with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: A Case Report.
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia is a group of autosomal recessive diseases due to deficiencies of enzymes involved in steroidogenesis. If not diagnosed and treated adequately, Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia can lead to an acute adrenal crisis with hemodynamic collapse. Acute stressors and steroid insufficiency precipitate an adrenal crisis. The major clinical features are hypotension and volume depletion. Nonspecific symptoms such as fatigue, lack of energy, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain are common. We report a case of a 3-year male previously diagnosed with congenital adrenal hyperplasia in adrenal crisis secondary to medicine noncompliance and gastroenteritis. The diagnosis was based on the clinical history and biochemical investigations. After initial resuscitation was managed; lifelong oral prednisolone and fludrocortisone were prescribed. ⋯ adrenal insufficiency; gastroenteritis; glucocorticoids.
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JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc · Jan 2023
Multimorbidity in Diabetic Patients Admitted to a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.
Multimorbidity is defined as the co-occurrence of two or more chronic conditions in the same individual. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus rarely occurs without coexisting diseases. With an increasing elder population and longevity, elder adults have a higher prevalence of chronic morbidity, thus increasing the chances of experiencing more than one non-communicable chronic condition, where the impact of multimorbidity is greater than the cumulative effect of the single condition. The study aimed to find out the prevalence of multimorbidity in diabetic patients admitted to a tertiary care centre. ⋯ co-morbidity; diabetes mellitus; multimorbidity; osteoarthritis.