European journal of emergency medicine : official journal of the European Society for Emergency Medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Reliability and validity of two four-level emergency triage systems.
To measure and compare the reliability and predictive validity of a four-level triage system (I-4L) and the new four-level model triage emergency method (TEM). ⋯ The interrater and intrarater reliability for rating triage acuity and for accuracy in patient admission prediction was good with both models. Performance with the new model was similar to that of I-4L despite the nurses' short experience. The new TEM model has the advantage of predicting utilization of emergency department resources.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Pronation versus supination maneuvers for the reduction of 'pulled elbow': a randomized clinical trial.
The purpose of this study was to compare the efficiency of the hyperpronation and supination-flexion maneuvers in the reduction of the pulled elbow. ⋯ Although final reduction rates were similar, the hyperpronation maneuver was more efficient at the first attempt, easier for physicians and less painful for the children.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Value of the timing of informing the emergency department patients on cardiac test results: a randomized controlled study.
This study is designed to investigate the role of written information, and the value of its timing, provided to Emergency Department (ED) patients regarding cardiac enzyme tests (CET), on their personal concerns about their health status and their discussions with the emergency physicians as to their normal health status post-test. ⋯ Written information provided to patients undergoing cardiac tests in ED population was found effective on anxiety and persuasion scores.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Oral, axillary, and tympanic temperature measurements in older and younger adults with or without fever.
The purpose of this study was to compare the results of body temperature obtained by a nurse with standard mercury thermometers from axillary and oral regions with the results of infrared tympanic thermometer in febrile and afebrile patients/in older and younger adults with or without fever, and to determine whether tympanic measures are suitable for use in the elderly population. ⋯ Tympanic thermometers seem to be optimal for use with the elderly population. Owing to the ease of application, safety, and tolerability in the elderly; their use in routine practice seems to be advantageous. Higher reading of tympanic measurements may lead to a suspicion of infection, especially in the elderly, which may be helpful in clinical treatment in this age group.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Anaesthesia for arterial puncture in the emergency department: a randomized trial of subcutaneous lidocaine, ethyl chloride or nothing.
To determine whether the use of ethyl chloride and subcutaneous lidocaine are associated with a reduction in pain during arterial blood sampling compared with using no local anaesthesia. ⋯ Ethyl chloride is not an effective local anaesthetic agent for AP. When the pain of local anaesthetic administration is taken into account the benefit of subcutaneous lidocaine for single AP is limited.