Disease-a-month : DM
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Disease-a-month : DM · Oct 2024
The prognostic significance of pro-BNP and heart failure in acute pulmonary embolism: A systematic review.
Pulmonary embolism (PE) is the third most common type of cardiovascular disease and carries a high mortality rate of 30% if left untreated. Although it is commonly known that individuals who suffer heart failure (HF) are more likely to experience a pulmonary embolism, little is known concerning the prognostic relationship between acute PE and HF. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic usefulness of heart failure and pro-BNP in pulmonary embolism cases. ⋯ Important prognostic information can be obtained from NT-proBNP and Heart-type Fatty Acid Binding Proteins (H-FABP) when examining individuals with PE. The heart, distal tubular cells of the renal system, and skeletal muscle are where H-FABP is primarily found, with myocardial cells having the highest concentration. Recent studies have indicated that these biomarkers may also help assess the severity of PE and its long-term risk.
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Disease-a-month : DM · Oct 2024
ReviewThe role of biomarkers in the prognosis and risk stratification in heart failure: A systematic review.
Acute heart failure (AHF) episodes are marked by high rates of morbidity and mortality during the episode and minimal advancements in its care. Multiple biomarker monitoring is now a crucial supplementary technique in the therapy of AHF. A scientific literature search was conducted by assessing and evaluating the most pertinent research that has been published, including original papers and review papers with the use of PubMed, Medline, and Cochrane databases. ⋯ However, while these biomarkers offer valuable insights, their clinical utility requires further validation and integration into practice. Continued research into novel biomarkers holds promise for early HF detection and risk assessment, potentially mitigating the global burden of HF. Understanding the nuances of biomarker utilization is crucial for their effective incorporation into clinical practice, ultimately improving HF management and patient care.
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Concepts of suicide are explored in this issue with a focus on suicide in children and adolescents. The epidemiology of pediatric suicide in the United States is reviewed; also, risk and protective factors, as well as prevention strategies, are discussed. ⋯ In addition, this analysis addresses the beneficial role of psychological management as well as current research on pharmacologic treatment and brain stimulation procedures as part of comprehensive pediatric suicide prevention. Though death by suicide in pediatric persons has been and remains a tragic phenomenon, there is much that clinicians, other healthcare professionals, and society itself can accomplish in the prevention of pediatric suicide as well as the management of suicidality in our children and adolescents.
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Disease-a-month : DM · Aug 2024
ReviewProgressive supranuclear palsy: Neuropathology, clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, management, and emerging therapies.
Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the accumulation of 4R-tau protein aggregates in various brain regions. PSP leads to neuronal loss, gliosis, and tau-positive inclusions, such as neurofibrillary tangles, tufted astrocytes, and coiled bodies. These pathological changes mainly affect the brainstem and the basal ganglia, resulting in distinctive MRI features, such as the hummingbird and morning glory signs. ⋯ These approaches may offer new hope for slowing down the progression of PSP. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the current knowledge on PSP, from its pathogenesis to its management. We also discuss the latest advances and future directions in PSP research.