Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · May 1997
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialRandomised trial of dopamine compared with hydrocortisone for the treatment of hypotensive very low birthweight infants.
To compare the efficacy of hydrocortisone with dopamine for the treatment of hypotensive, very low birthweight (VLBW) infants. ⋯ Both hydrocortisone and dopamine are effective treatments for hypotension in very low birthweight infants.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Jan 1997
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialRandomised controlled trial of colloid or crystalloid in hypotensive preterm infants.
To compare the efficacy of a colloid (5% albumin) and a crystalloid (isotonic saline) solution for treating hypotension in mechanically ventilated preterm infants. ⋯ Isotonic saline is as effective as 5% albumin for treating hypotension in preterm infants, and it has the additional advantage of causing less fluid retention in the first 48 hours.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Sep 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialAlfentanil as procedural pain relief in newborn infants.
To assess the need for, and the suitability of, alfentanil for pain relief during tracheal suction used in assisted ventilation in newborn infants. ⋯ Tracheal suction is a painful procedure. The dose of alfentanil required for pain relief (20 micrograms/kg) causes a high incidence of rigidity and thus should be used only with muscle relaxant.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Mar 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialReduction of pain response in premature infants using intraoral sucrose.
The potential of sucrose to reduce the pain response in a group of healthy premature infants was investigated. Fifteen infants of 32-34 weeks postmenstrual age were tested in a blind crossover manner on two separate occasions no more than two days apart. ⋯ There was a significant reduction in the duration of first cry, the percentage of time spent crying in the 5 minutes after heel prick, and the pain score in the sucrose treated group. It is concluded that sucrose has analgesic effects in healthy premature infants.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · May 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialApplication of nasal continuous positive airway pressure to early extubation in very low birthweight infants.
Using a preset protocol for early extubation, 50 babies were randomly selected to post-extubation headbox or post-extubation nasal continuous positive airway pressure (N-CPAP). All infants weighed less than 1500 g, had a gestational age of less than 34 weeks, and had been weaning from mechanical ventilation within seven days of life. The criteria for extubation included stable condition, fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) of < or = 35%, peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) of < or = 15 cm H2O (1.47 kPa), and ventilator rate of 6/minute. ⋯ There were no significant differences in clinical characteristics between the two groups. The most common cause of failure in early extubation was apnoea, and most occurred in the headbox group (9/12). These results suggest that application of N-CPAP to a preset protocol for extubation can achieve a better success rate of early extubation in very low birthweight (VLBW) infants.