Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Mar 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialLactobacillus Reuteri for the prevention of necrotising enterocolitis in very low birthweight infants: a randomised controlled trial.
To evaluate the effect of oral Lactobacillus reuteri (L reuteri) first on the incidence and severity of Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) and second on sepsis. ⋯ Our results show that oral L reuteri does not seem to affect the overall rates of NEC and/or death in preterm infants followed up in the neonatal intensive care unit, and significant reductions were observed in the frequency of proven sepsis, rates of feeding intolerance and duration of hospital stay.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Mar 2014
Heliox for mechanically ventilated newborns with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
We assessed the safety and studied the influence of short-term helium-oxygen (heliox) mechanical ventilation (MV) on respiratory function, gas exchange and oxygenation in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) or at high risk for BPD. ⋯ Helium-oxygen MV is safe and resulted in improvement of respiratory function and oxygenation in infants with severe BPD requiring MV.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Mar 2014
ReviewDefinitions of extubation success in very premature infants: a systematic review.
Studies of extubation in preterm infants often define extubation success as a lack of reintubation within a specified time window. However, the duration of observation that defines extubation success in preterm infants has not been validated. The purpose of this study was to systematically review published definitions of extubation success in very preterm infants and to analyse the effect of the definition of extubation success on the reported rates of reintubation. ⋯ Variability in the reported definitions of extubation success makes it difficult to compare extubation strategies across studies. The appropriate window of observation following extubation may depend on the population. In infants with BW ≤1000 g, even a week of observation may fail to identify some who will require reintubation.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Mar 2014
Comparative StudyA comparison of different mask holds for positive pressure ventilation in a neonatal manikin.
Ventilation during neonatal resuscitation is typically initiated with a face mask, but may be ineffective due to leak or obstruction. ⋯ There was no difference in the leak measured using the three different mask holds.
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Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. · Mar 2014
Observational StudyHuman or monitor feedback to improve mask ventilation during simulated neonatal cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
To investigate if external chest compressions (ECC) increase mask leak, and if human or technical feedback improves mask ventilation during simulated neonatal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). ⋯ During simulated neonatal CPR, ECCs did not influence mask leak, and a RFM and verbal feedback were helpful methods to reduce mask leak and increase VT significantly.