Clinical and applied thrombosis/hemostasis : official journal of the International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis
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Clin. Appl. Thromb. Hemost. · Oct 2011
Comparative StudyLow-molecular-weight heparin versus unfractionated heparin for prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in medicine patients--a pharmacoeconomic analysis.
Prevention of in-hospital venous thromboembolism (VTE) is identified internationally as a priority to improve patient safety. Advocated alternatives include low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH) or low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH). Although LMWHs are as effective as UFH, less frequent administration and potentially safer adverse effect profile associated with LMWHs might off-set greater drug acquisition costs. The objective of this study was to determine the most cost-effective thromboprophylaxis strategy for hospitalized medicine patients and specific subgroups in Canada. ⋯ Low-molecular-weight heparin administration is a cost-effective alternative for thromboprophylaxis strategy in Canadian hospitalized medicine patients.
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Clin. Appl. Thromb. Hemost. · Oct 2011
Clinical TrialAn evaluation of the DDAVP infusion test with PFA-100 and vWF activity assays to distinguish vWD types in children.
von Willebrand disease (vWD) is classified into partial (type 1), qualitative (type 2), and total deficiency (type 3). The aims of the study were to evaluate prospectively the potency of the DDAVP infusion test together with von Willebrand factor (vWF) ristocetin cofactor (vWF:RCo), vWF antigen (vWF:Ag), factor VIII coagulant activity (FVIII:C), and platelet function analyzer (PFA)-100 to distinguish vWD types. Genetic analysis and multimeric analysis of vWF was not applied. ⋯ The response to DDAVP of vWF parameters is normal in all patients with mild/moderate type 1 vWD, 6 patients with severe type 1 vWD or nonclassical type 2 vWD and 11 patients with type 2 vWD. In conclusion, this study showed that measurement of vWF:RCo, vWF:Ag, FVIII:C, and PFA-100 parameters can differentiate vWD types but not severe type 1 vWD or nonclassical type 2 vWD. In the differentiation of severe type 1 vWD and nonclassical type 2 vWD, DDAVP response may be used.
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Clin. Appl. Thromb. Hemost. · Oct 2011
Case ReportsEDTA-dependent pseudothrombocytopenia in a child.
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)-dependent pseudothrombocytopenia (PTCP) is the phenomenon of a spurious low platelet count due to antiplatelet antibodies that cause platelet clumping in blood anticoagulated with EDTA. The aggregation of platelets in EDTA-dependent PTCP is usually prevented by other anticoagulants, such as sodium citrate or heparin. ⋯ We report that EDTA and heparin can induce platelet clumping, and thus spuriously low platelet counts. However, aggregation of platelets was not detected in blood samples with sodium citrate, and platelet count was normal.
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Clin. Appl. Thromb. Hemost. · Oct 2011
The value of serum procalcitonin in differential diagnosis of pulmonary embolism and community-acquired pneumonia.
Presence of high fever may cause confusion in differential diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) versus pneumonia. The aim of this study is to investigate the diagnostic value of serum procalcitonin (PCT) in differential diagnosis of PE and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). A total of 24 patients with proven PE and 22 patients with CAP were included in the study. ⋯ There were no statistically significant reduction in PCT levels by anticoagulation in groups 1 and 2 (P = .262, .119, respectively). Other systemic inflammatory markers including interleukin 6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) levels statistically significantly decreased with anticoagulant and antimicrobial therapy. This study suggested that serum PCT level may be valuable for differentiating PE patients with or without fever from patients with CAP.
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Clin. Appl. Thromb. Hemost. · Aug 2011
Randomized Controlled TrialProphylactic fibrinogen infusion in cardiac surgery patients: effects on biomarkers of coagulation, fibrinolysis, and platelet function.
We have recently reported that prophylactic fibrinogen infusion reduces bleeding after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. Because fibrinogen for the first time was administered to patients without hereditary fibrinogen deficiency or ongoing bleeding, a detailed analysis of the effects of fibrinogen concentrate on biomarkers of coagulation, fibrinolysis, and platelet function was performed. ⋯ Infusion of 2 g fibrinogen to cardiac surgery patients, without hereditary or acquired fibrinogen deficiency or ongoing bleeding, results in no or minimal changes in biomarkers reflecting coagulation and platelet function. An increased release of fibrin degradation products was detected after surgery in fibrinogen-treated patients.