Zeitschrift für Geburtshilfe und Neonatologie
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Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol · May 2001
Review[Oral sugar solutions in pain therapy of neonates and premature infants].
We review the efficacy of oral sugar solutions for treating procedural pain in neonates and address the following questions: Do newborns need analgesic therapy for procedural pain during blood sampling? How do sugars influence pain-reactions of neonates? What is the efficacy of sugar solutions in clinical practice? ⋯ Sugar solutions effectively relieve procedural pain during blood sampling in neonates. Additional studies are needed to determine the minimal effective dose and the efficacy and side effects of repeated sugar doses in the same patient.
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Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol · Nov 1997
Review[Treatment of hypertensive diseases in pregnancy--general recommendations and long-term oral therapy].
Hypertensive disorders are among the most common causes of maternal and perinatal mortality. Mild and uncomplicated chronic hypertension has a better prognosis than preeclampsia. The primary aims of therapy are to prevent cerebrovascular complications and to avoid the progression of chronic hypertension into superimposed preeclampsia with worse prognosis. ⋯ The indication for hospitalization are of particular clinical importance, since a delay in admission associated with maternal complications may lead to juridical troubles. The antihypertensive treatment is only a symptomatic therapy; the obstetrician must be aware that delivery is the ultimate cure of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. In women with mild chronic hypertension or mild preeclampsia antihypertensive therapy is unlikely to be beneficial regarding the perinatal results, while in severe forms drug therapy is mandatory to avoid life-threatening maternal complications.
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Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol · May 1997
Review Case Reports[Clinical aspects and therapy of amniotic fluid embolism. Illustration based on a case report].
A case of amniotic fluid embolism during the delivery of an at term pregnancy is reported. The 34-year old primipara with an unremarkable medical history suddenly suffered from a seizure in the second stage of labor. Shortly prior to this event, a prolonged fetal bradycardia was recorded. ⋯ The substitution of packed red cells and platelets, fresh frozen plasma and other blood derivates was necessary. Mother and child survived without any physical damage or neurological deficit. Because of the clinical pattern we diagnosed an amniotic fluid embolism.
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Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol · Jan 1997
Review[Interpretation of pulse oximetry and near infrared spectroscopy values sub partu].
Pulse oximetry and Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) are both optical methods which have been made applicable to the fetus during labour in order to improve the assessment of fetal oxygen supply and well being. 317 pulse oximetry measurements showed that postpartum pH, Base Excess, PO2 are significantly negatively resp. pCO2 is positively correlated to the time, during which arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) is below a critical threshold of 30%. The 1' APGAR-score is also influenced by the duration of SpO2 values below 30%. ⋯ Until the following contraction oxygenized and total hemoglobin remained deeper below their original levels in case of decelerations type 2 than in case of normal CTG or type 1 decelerations. Simultaneous registration of pulse oximetry and NIRS revealed an increase of cerebral blood volume in case of low arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2 < 30%) which may be interpreted as "brain sparing effect".
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Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol · Nov 1996
Review[Whooping cough in pregnant patients and newborn infants].
Pertussis affects not only children but also adults. The disease often takes an atypical course in adults and it is frequently misdiagnosed. Pregnant women with pertussis do not suffer from serious obstetrical complications. ⋯ Neonates are susceptible to pertussis and may become seriously ill with potentially fatal consequences. Neonatal pertussis is frequently misdiagnosed, too. The disease can be prevented by prophylactical administration of erythromycin to the neonate.