Multiple sclerosis : clinical and laboratory research
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Elevated Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antibody titers are risk factors for multiple sclerosis (MS), but the strength and consistency of this association are not well characterized. ⋯ Serum titers of pre-onset anti-EBNA antibodies are strong, robust markers of MS risk and could be useful in an MS risk score.
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Although grey matter damage in multiple sclerosis is currently recognized, determinants of grey matter volume and its relationship with disability are not yet clear. ⋯ Our findings show that grey matter volume is lower in secondary-progressive than in relapsing-remitting disease. Grey matter volume explained physical and cognitive impairment better than white matter volume, and is itself associated with T2 and T1 lesion volume.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Safety and tolerability of cladribine tablets in multiple sclerosis: the CLARITY (CLAdRIbine Tablets treating multiple sclerosis orallY) study.
Cladribine is a synthetic deoxyadenosine analogue in development as an oral multiple sclerosis (MS) therapy. ⋯ The safety and tolerability profile observed in the CLARITY study together with the reported efficacy support the potential for cladribine tablets as an MS therapy.
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Recent studies conducted in arthritis, asthma, and inflammatory bowel disease suggest that chitinases are important in inflammatory processes and tissue remodeling. ⋯ Chitinases increased in the CSF from patients with NMO in response to IL-13. These enhanced levels could contribute to central nervous system inflammation by increasing immune cell migration across the BBB.