Annals of internal medicine
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Interventions to prevent smoking uptake or encourage cessation among young persons might help prevent tobacco-related illness. ⋯ Primary care-relevant interventions may prevent smoking initiation over 12 months in children and adolescents.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Acupuncture in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis: a randomized trial.
Chinese translation ⋯ Acupuncture led to statistically significant improvements in disease-specific quality of life and antihistamine use measures after 8 weeks of treatment compared with sham acupuncture and with RM alone, but the improvements may not be clinically significant.
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Multicenter Study
Genome-wide association study of spontaneous resolution of hepatitis C virus infection: data from multiple cohorts.
Chinese translation ⋯ IL-28B and HLA class II are independently associated with spontaneous resolution of HCV infection, and SNPs marking IL-28B and DQB1*03:01 may explain approximately 15% of spontaneous resolution of HCV infection.
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Previous work has identified 6 important areas to consider when evaluating validity and bias in studies of prognostic factors: participation, attrition, prognostic factor measurement, confounding measurement and account, outcome measurement, and analysis and reporting. This article describes the Quality In Prognosis Studies tool, which includes questions related to these areas that can inform judgments of risk of bias in prognostic research. A working group comprising epidemiologists, statisticians, and clinicians developed the tool as they considered prognosis studies of low back pain. ⋯ Median completion time per study was 20 minutes; interrater agreement (κ statistic) reported by 9 review teams varied from 0.56 to 0.82 (median, 0.75). Some reviewers reported challenges making judgments across prompting items, which were addressed by providing comprehensive guidance and examples. The refined Quality In Prognosis Studies tool may be useful to assess the risk of bias in studies of prognostic factors.