Annals of internal medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of three regimens for treatment of mild to moderate Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with AIDS. A double-blind, randomized, trial of oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, dapsone-trimethoprim, and clindamycin-primaquine. ACTG 108 Study Group.
To compare the tolerability and efficacy of three oral regimens for the treatment of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. ⋯ The rates of dose-limiting toxicity, therapeutic failure, and survival did not differ among patients with AIDS who were receiving oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, dapsone-trimethoprim, or clindamycin-primaquine for mild to moderate P. carinii pneumonia. However, the limited sample size prevents the unequivocal demonstration of the equality of these three regimens. Differences in expected categories of toxicities associated with each regimen should guide the clinician in choosing first-line therapy, particularly for patients with baseline hepatic insufficiency or myelosuppression.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
The effectiveness of early treatment with "second-line" antirheumatic drugs. A randomized, controlled trial.
To compare two therapeutic strategies for patients with recent-onset rheumatoid arthritis. ⋯ Early introduction of SAARDs may be more beneficial than delayed introduction for patients with recently diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Vitamin D supplementation and fracture incidence in elderly persons. A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
To determine whether vitamin D supplementation decreases the incidence of hip fractures and other peripheral bone fractures. ⋯ Our results do not show a decrease in the incidence of hip fractures and other peripheral fractures in Dutch elderly persons after vitamin D supplementation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
An oral preparation of mesalamine as long-term maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial. The Mesalamine Study Group.
To compare the safety and efficacy of a pH-sensitive, polymer-coated oral formulation of mesalamine (Asacol, Procter & Gamble Pharmaceuticals, Cincinnati, Ohio) with those of placebo in maintaining remission in patients with ulcerative colitis. ⋯ Coated mesalamine at oral dosages of 0.8 g/d and 1.6 g/d is safe and effective in maintaining remission in patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Suppression of subclinical shedding of herpes simplex virus type 2 with acyclovir.
To assess the effect of the antiviral drug acyclovir on the frequency of subclinical shedding of herpes simplex virus (HSV) in the genital tract. ⋯ Daily therapy with oral acyclovir suppresses subclinical shedding of HSV-2 in the genital tract, suggesting that studies to evaluate the use of acyclovir in preventing HSV-2 transmission are warranted.