Annals of internal medicine
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study 17: a 9-year update of a randomized, controlled trial on the effect of improved metabolic control on complications in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
To report the progress (after 9-year follow-up) of a study designed to determine whether improved glucose control in patients with newly diagnosed non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is effective in reducing the incidence of clinical complications. ⋯ A report will be published in 1998 after a median duration from randomization of 11 years (range, 6 to 20 years) with an 81% power at a 1% level of significance of detecting whether the obtained improvement in glucose control causes a 15% decrease or increase in the incidence of major complications and whether any specific therapy is advantageous or disadvantageous.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on glucose homeostasis and blood pressure in essential hypertension. A randomized, controlled trial.
To determine whether dietary supplementation with fish oil adversely affects glycemic control in patients with hypertension. ⋯ Fish oil, in doses that reduce blood pressure and lipid levels in hypertensive persons, does not adversely affect glucose metabolism.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Effects of naloxone infusions in patients with the pruritus of cholestasis. A double-blind, randomized, controlled trial.
To determine whether endogenous opioids contribute to the pruritus of cholestasis by studying the effect of the opiate antagonist naloxone on the perception of pruritus and on scratching activity in patients with this form of pruritus. ⋯ Naloxone administration is associated with amelioration of the perception of pruritus and reduction of scratching activity in cholestatic patients. Because of the opioid receptor specificity of the action of naloxone, these findings support the hypothesis that a mechanism underlying the pruritus of cholestasis is modulated by endogenous opioids and suggest that opiate antagonists may have a role in the management of this complication of cholestasis.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Mechanical ventilation with or without 7-day circuit changes. A randomized controlled trial.
To determine whether a practice of not routinely changing ventilator circuits in patients who require prolonged mechanical ventilation is associated with an increased incidence of nosocomial pneumonia. ⋯ The elimination of routine ventilator circuit changes can reduce medical care costs without increasing the incidence of nosocomial pneumonia in patients who require prolonged mechanical ventilation.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Famciclovir for the treatment of acute herpes zoster: effects on acute disease and postherpetic neuralgia. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Collaborative Famciclovir Herpes Zoster Study Group.
To document the effects of treatment with famciclovir on the acute signs and symptoms of herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia. ⋯ Oral famciclovir, 500 mg or 750 mg three times daily for 7 days, is an effective and well-tolerated therapy for herpes zoster that decreases the duration of the disease's most debilitating complication, postherpetic neuralgia.