Annals of internal medicine
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Effect of race on the presentation and management of patients with acute chest pain.
To compare racial differences in clinical presentation, natural history, and access to medical care and procedures among emergency-department patients with acute chest pain. ⋯ African-Americans and whites had a similar presentation and natural history of acute myocardial infarction and, after adjusting for probability of clinical events, similar access to most medical care and cardiac procedures. However, the rate of coronary artery bypass procedures was much lower among African-Americans than among whites. Reasons for this difference should be studied.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Recombinant human erythropoietin in the treatment of anemia associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and zidovudine therapy. Overview of four clinical trials.
To assess the effect of recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO) on anemia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who are receiving zidovudine therapy. ⋯ Therapy with r-HuEPO can increase the mean hematocrit and decrease the mean transfusion requirement in anemic patients with AIDS who are receiving zidovudine and have endogenous low erythropoietin levels (< or equal to 500 IU/L). Such therapy is of no apparent benefit in patients whose endogenous erythropoietin levels are higher than 500 IU/L.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Transmission of retroviruses from seronegative donors by transfusion during cardiac surgery. A multicenter study of HIV-1 and HTLV-I/II infections.
To evaluate the effectiveness of serologic testing of blood donors for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and human T-cell lymphotropic virus types I and II (HTLV-I/II) infections and to estimate the risk for transmission of HIV-1 and HTLV-I/II by transfusion of seronegative blood from screened donors. ⋯ Serologic screening of donors for antibodies to HIV-1 and HTLV-I coupled with exclusion of donors from groups having a relatively high risk for infection has led to a low incidence of transfusion-transmitted HIV-1 and HTLV-I/II infection in the United States. A small risk remains, however, despite these measures. We estimate the residual risk for HIV-1 and HTLV-II infection from transfusion of screened blood during the time of this study to be about 1 in 60,000 units.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Treatment of Mycobacterium avium complex bacteremia in AIDS with a four-drug oral regimen. Rifampin, ethambutol, clofazimine, and ciprofloxacin. The California Collaborative Treatment Group.
To determine the quantitative microbiologic response and the clinical response of patients with Mycobacterium avium complex bacteremia and AIDS to an oral antimycobacterial regimen. ⋯ A rapid reduction in symptoms and bacteremia can be achieved as early as week 2 of therapy using an oral regimen of rifampin, ethambutol, clofazimine, and ciprofloxacin. Colony counts rose dramatically after therapy was discontinued, suggesting that more prolonged periods of therapy are necessary to eradicate systemic infection.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Prevention of bacterial infection in neutropenic patients with hematologic malignancies. A randomized, multicenter trial comparing norfloxacin with ciprofloxacin. The GIMEMA Infection Program. Gruppo Italiano Malattie Ematologiche Maligne dell'Adulto.
To compare the efficacy of norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin in preventing bacterial infection in neutropenic patients. ⋯ Ciprofloxacin should be used to prevent the development of infection in neutropenic patients with hematologic malignancies.