Annals of internal medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Videotape-based decision aid for colon cancer screening. A randomized, controlled trial.
Rates of colon cancer screening in the United States are low, in part because of poor communication between patients and providers about the availability of effective screening options. ⋯ A decision aid consisting of an educational video, brochure, and chart marker increased ordering and performance of colon cancer screening tests.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of oral fluconazole and itraconazole for progressive, nonmeningeal coccidioidomycosis. A randomized, double-blind trial. Mycoses Study Group.
In previous open-label noncomparative clinical trials, both fluconazole and itraconazole were effective therapy for progressive forms of coccidioidomycosis. ⋯ Neither fluconazole nor itraconazole showed statistically superior efficacy in nonmeningeal coccidioidomycosis, although there is a trend toward slightly greater efficacy with itraconazole at the doses studied.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Effect of a preoperative intervention on preoperative and postoperative outcomes in low-risk patients awaiting elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery. A randomized, controlled trial.
In publicly funded health care systems, a waiting period for such services as coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) is common. The possibility of using the waiting period to improve patient outcomes should be investigated. ⋯ The waiting period for elective procedures, such as CABG, may be used to enhance in-hospital and early-phase recovery, improving patients' functional abilities and quality of life while reducing their hospital stay.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Reduction in obesity and related comorbid conditions after diet-induced weight loss or exercise-induced weight loss in men. A randomized, controlled trial.
The independent effects of diet- or exercise-induced weight loss on the reduction of obesity and related comorbid conditions are not known. The effects of exercise without weight loss on fat distribution and other risk factors are also unclear. ⋯ Weight loss induced by increased daily physical activity without caloric restriction substantially reduces obesity (particularly abdominal obesity) and insulin resistance in men. Exercise without weight loss reduces abdominal fat and prevents further weight gain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Self-study from web-based and printed guideline materials. A randomized, controlled trial among resident physicians.
On-line physician education is increasing, but its efficacy in comparison with existing self-study methods is unknown. ⋯ On-line tutorials may produce greater learning efficiency and satisfaction than print materials do, but one self-study exposure may be insufficient for long-term knowledge retention. Further research is needed to identify instructional features that motivate greater final learning and retention.