Annals of surgery
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Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein preserves leukocyte functions after major liver resection.
To analyze postoperative leukocyte functions in patients undergoing hemihepatectomy, and to assess the effect of treatment with the endotoxin-neutralizing agent bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (rBPI21). ⋯ The results of this study show that patients undergoing major liver resection have an increased activation of leukocytes compared with those undergoing other major abdominal surgery. This enhanced activation may contribute to the increased risk of infection in these patients. Administration of the endotoxin-neutralizing agent rBPI21 to hemihepatectomy patients was shown to reduce plasma LBP levels, to preserve leukocyte functions partially, and to reduce leukocyte activation to the level of other, nonhepatic abdominal surgery.
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To assess whether recent practice has improved, the authors created detailed, evidence-based guidelines and assessed the quality of early-stage breast cancer care at four hospitals in the metropolitan New York area. ⋯ The hospital where breast cancer surgery is performed is associated with the likelihood that women receive effective local and systemic adjuvant treatments. Surgeons and members of hospital quality improvement programs should encourage multidisciplinary approaches to breast cancer care.
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To develop and validate a preoperative risk index for predicting postoperative respiratory failure (PRF). ⋯ The respiratory failure risk index is a validated model for identifying patients at risk for developing PRF and may be useful for guiding perioperative respiratory care.
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Patterns of recurrence and survival after laparoscopic and conventional resections for colorectal carcinoma.
To determine whether survival and recurrence after laparoscopic-assisted surgery for colorectal cancer is compromised by an initial laparoscopic approach. ⋯ Oncologic outcome at a minimum of 2 years is not compromised by the laparoscopic approach. Wound recurrences are a feature of laparoscopic and conventional surgery for advanced disease.
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Comparative Study
Effect of endotoxin on opossum gallbladder motility: a model of acalculous cholecystitis.
To determine whether endotoxin causes histologic changes in the gallbladder consistent with acalculous cholecystitis, and to determine the effects of endotoxin on gallbladder motility. ⋯ Endotoxin causes an ischemic insult to the gallbladder similar to that seen in acalculous cholecystitis. Also, endotoxin may lead to gallbladder stasis by decreasing gallbladder contractile responses to hormonal and neural stimuli.