Annals of surgery
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Comparative Study
Striving for work-life balance: effect of marriage and children on the experience of 4402 US general surgery residents.
To determine how marital status and having children impact US general surgical residents' attitudes toward training and personal life. ⋯ Residents who were married or parents reported greater satisfaction and work-life conflict. The complex effects of family on surgical residents should inform programs to target support mechanisms for their trainees.
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This study aimed to clarify the incidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation and its significance on long-term survival after partial hepatectomy in patients with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), who had preoperative low HBV-DNA level of less than 2000 IU/mL. ⋯ HBV reactivation was common after partial hepatectomy for HBV-related HCC with a preoperative low HBV-DNA level of less than 2000 IU/mL. Routine prophylactic antiviral treatment should be given before partial hepatectomy.
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Comparative Study
Wnt pathway activation predicts increased risk of tumor recurrence in patients with stage I nonsmall cell lung cancer.
To determine the incidence of Wnt pathway activation in patients with stage I NSCLC and its influence on lung cancer recurrence. ⋯ Wnt pathway activation occurred in a substantial fraction of Stage I NSCLCs, which was rarely due to mutations. Moreover, Wnt pathway activation was associated with a significantly higher rate of tumor recurrence. These findings suggest that Wnt pathway activation reflects a more aggressive tumor phenotype and identifies patients who may benefit from more aggressive therapy in addition to resection.
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Comparative Study
LINE-1 hypomethylation is associated with a poor prognosis among patients with curatively resected esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
To investigate the relationship between the long interspersed nucleotide element-1 (L1/LINE-1) methylation level and the disease-free survival and cancer-specific survival in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). ⋯ LINE-1 hypomethylation in ESCC is associated with a shorter survival, thus suggesting that it has potential for use as a prognostic biomarker.
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Comparative Study
Modulation of murine Alzheimer pathogenesis and behavior by surgery.
Previous research suggests that a link between anesthetic exposure and Alzheimer disease exists. Because anesthetics are rarely given alone, we ask whether addition of surgery further modulates Alzheimer disease. ⋯ Surgery causes a durable increment in Alzheimer pathogenesis, primarily through a transient activation of neuroinflammation.