Annals of surgery
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The purpose of this study was to explore how risk is perceived and experienced by the surgeon and how risk is actively managed in individual practice. ⋯ A framework for understanding surgeon's unique assessment of risk was elaborated. Increased awareness of the factors and strategies identified in this study can foster critical self-reflection by surgeons of their own risk assessments and those of their colleagues, and provide avenues for more explicit educational strategies for surgical training.
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To examine the clinical implications of supraclavicular (SC) lymph node (LN) metastasis in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) who receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy, followed by surgery. ⋯ This study showed that SCLN metastasis in ESCC reflects the number of metastatic LNs. SCLN metastasis should not be considered as contraindication to curative surgery in multimodal treatment of ESCC because preoperative treatment can change SC nodal status.