Annals of surgery
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Mesorectal Excision With or Without Lateral Lymph Node Dissection for Clinical Stage II/III Lower Rectal Cancer (JCOG0212): A Multicenter, Randomized Controlled, Noninferiority Trial.
The aim of the study was to confirm the noninferiority of mesorectal excision (ME) alone to ME with lateral lymph node dissection (LLND) in terms of efficacy. ⋯ The noninferiority of ME alone to ME with LLND was not confirmed in the intent-to-treat analysis. ME with LLND had a lower local recurrence, especially in the lateral pelvis, compared to ME alone.
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To determine whether adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) after neoadjuvant chemoradiation and esophagectomy is associated with improved overall survival for patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer, and to evaluate how pathologic disease response to neoadjuvant treatment impacts this effect. ⋯ AC after neoadjuvant chemoradiation and esophagectomy is associated with improved survival in patients with residual nodal disease. Our findings suggest AC may provide additional benefit for esophageal cancer patients, and merits further investigation.
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To study the impact of rising bilateral mastectomy rates among neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) recipients in California. ⋯ NAC use remains low. Predictors of surgery type after NAC were sociodemographic rather than clinical, raising concern for disparities in care access.
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Comparative Study
A Comparison of Mortality Following Emergency Laparotomy Between Populations From New York State and England.
The aim of this study was to compare mortality following emergency laparotomy between populations from New York State and England. ⋯ The risk of mortality at 30 days is higher following emergency laparotomy in England as compared with New York State despite similar patient groups.