Annals of surgery
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Improved net protein balance, lean mass, and gene expression changes with oxandrolone treatment in the severely burned.
To determine the effects of the anabolic agent oxandrolone on muscle protein and gene expression in severely burned children. ⋯ Oxandrolone improves protein net balance and lean mass in the severely burned. These changes are associated with increased gene expression for functional muscle proteins.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Prospective randomized trial of carotid endarterectomy with polytetrafluoroethylene versus collagen-impregnated dacron (Hemashield) patching: late follow-up.
To compare the late clinical outcome and incidence of recurrent stenosis after carotid endarterectomy (CEA) with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) versus Hemashield patching. ⋯ PTFE patching was superior to Hemashield in lowering the incidence of postoperative ipsilateral strokes and late recurrent stenosis.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Colon and rectal surgery without mechanical bowel preparation: a randomized prospective trial.
To assess whether elective colon and rectal surgery can be safely performed without preoperative mechanical bowel preparation. ⋯ These results suggest that elective colon and rectal surgery may be safely performed without mechanical preparation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Ertapenem versus piperacillin/tazobactam in the treatment of complicated intraabdominal infections: results of a double-blind, randomized comparative phase III trial.
To examine the clinical efficacy and safety of ertapenem, a novel beta-lactam agent with wide activity against common pathogens encountered in intraabdominal infection. ⋯ In this study, the efficacy of ertapenem 1 g once a day was equivalent to piperacillin/tazobactam 3.375 g every 6 hours in the treatment of a range of intraabdominal infections. Ertapenem was generally well tolerated and had a similar safety and tolerability profile to piperacillin/tazobactam. A formal process for review of adequacy of source control was found to be of benefit. The results of this trial suggest that ertapenem may be a useful option that could eliminate the need for combination and/or multidosed antibiotic regimens for the empiric treatment of intraabdominal infections.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Immune responses and prediction of major infection in patients undergoing transhiatal or transthoracic esophagectomy for cancer.
To investigate alterations in immune responses after transhiatal versus transthoracic esophageal resection and to evaluate the role of preoperative immune functions in predicting postoperative infectious complications. ⋯ Both transhiatal and transthoracic esophagectomy induced severely depressed monocyte and T-lymphocyte cytokine production. The extent of the surgical procedure had a differential immunosuppressive impact on Th2-type but not on Th1-type cell activity, indicating that the two Th pathways were downregulated through distinct mechanisms. Preoperative interferon-gamma determination would be useful to anticipate the occurrence of postoperative major infectious complications.