International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases
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Int. J. Infect. Dis. · Sep 2010
Case ReportsGonococcal septic shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multisystem organ failure: a case report.
We describe the first reported case of gonococcal septic shock with associated acute respiratory distress syndrome and multisystem organ failure, in which the patient made a full recovery, and add to the paucity of descriptive literature on gonococcal sepsis. The case was a 36-year-old previously healthy Aboriginal female from northern Canada. Treatment included fluid resuscitation, vasoactive drugs, mechanical ventilation, antimicrobial therapy, corticosteroid replacement, activated protein C, and general supportive care. In addition to being the first reported case of gonococcal septic shock with associated acute respiratory distress syndrome and multisystem organ failure in which the patient made a full clinical recovery this is also the first case of gonococcal septic shock treated with activated protein C; an association between its use and the favorable outcome is postulated, but cannot be confirmed.
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Int. J. Infect. Dis. · Sep 2010
Case ReportsA newly identified Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus strain in Turkey.
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a fatal viral disease that occurs in approximately 30 countries. It has the most extensive geographic range among the tick-borne viruses that affect human health. Recently, a 6-year-old boy presented with complaints of fever, fatigue, and loss of appetite. ⋯ Anti-CCHF virus IgM ELISA and a reverse transcriptase-PCR assay for CCHF RNA were both positive. Phylogenetic studies revealed that the virus was a new AP92-like CCHF strain, which was named KMAG-Hu-07-01 (accession number EU057975). This patient could provide important information on the transmission dynamics of CCHF infection.
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Int. J. Infect. Dis. · Aug 2010
Review Case ReportsUse of linezolid in pediatrics: a critical review.
Linezolid, an oxazolidinone antibacterial agent, is available for intravenous/oral administration, with activity against Gram-positive bacteria including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), and penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (PRSP). These pathogens are important causes of hospital- and community-associated infections in children. ⋯ Linezolid is promising as a safe and efficacious agent for the treatment of infections due to mainly resistant Gram-positive organisms in children who are unable to tolerate conventional agents or after treatment failure.
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Int. J. Infect. Dis. · Aug 2010
Ventilator-associated pneumonia: role of colonizers and value of routine endotracheal aspirate cultures.
To determine the role of colonizers in the causation of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and the value of routine pre-VAP endotracheal aspirate (EA) cultures in appropriately treating VAP. ⋯ VAP patients should be treated based on ATS guidelines, but whenever P. aeruginosa, A. baumannii, and MRSA are isolated from pre-VAP EA cultures, the initial antibiotic therapy should be extended to treat these.
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The widespread resistance in Gram-negative bacteria has necessitated evaluation of the use of older antimicrobials such as polymyxins. In the present study we evaluated the different susceptibility testing methods for polymyxins B and E against Gram-negative bacteria using the new Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. ⋯ The E-test and agar dilution methods showed good concordance with BMD. The disk diffusion method can be useful for initial screening in diagnostic laboratories.