International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases
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Int. J. Infect. Dis. · Jul 2010
Rotavirus disease burden, Nicaragua 2001-2005: defining the potential impact of a rotavirus vaccination program.
In October 2006, a rotavirus vaccine was introduced in Nicaragua for routine immunization of all children. We document the baseline diarrheal disease burden in Nicaragua prior to the vaccine program to facilitate future studies to measure vaccine impact. ⋯ Existing data sources on all-cause acute gastroenteritis could be useful for establishing diarrhea disease burden and monitoring trends after vaccine introduction. Blunting of winter season peaks in rates of diarrhea, particularly among children aged <1-2 years, would be a useful indicator of impact from rotavirus vaccination.
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Int. J. Infect. Dis. · May 2010
Epidemics of severe cholera caused by El Tor Vibrio cholerae O1 Ogawa possessing the ctxB gene of the classical biotype in Orissa, India.
We investigated the epidemic of cholera that occurred in Kashipur and Dasmantpur blocks of Orissa, reported during July-September 2007. ⋯ This is the first report of the El Tor variant of V. cholerae O1 Ogawa having the ctxB gene of the classical strain with altered antibiogram causing epidemics of cholera in Orissa, India.
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Int. J. Infect. Dis. · Apr 2010
Adherence to treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in a clinical population in New York City.
Low adherence to treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (TLTBI) diminishes TB prevention efforts. This study examined the treatment completion rate among those who started TLTBI and factors associated with adherence to TLTBI. ⋯ Shorter regimen and DOPT increased completion rates for LTBI. Though efforts to improve TLTBI completion need to address all groups, greater focus is needed for persons who are contacts and HIV-infected, as they have higher risk of developing TB.
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Int. J. Infect. Dis. · Mar 2010
Case ReportsDisseminated Mycobacterium kansasii infection associated with hemophagocytic syndrome.
Disseminated infections with hemophagocytic syndrome caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are rare. A 60-year-old woman, who presented with fever, chills, anorexia, and right upper quadrant pain, was admitted to our hospital. Hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia, elevated liver aminotransferases, and hyperferritinemia were noted after admission. ⋯ Bone biopsy showed granulocytic sarcoma. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of life-threatening hemophagocytosis due to M. kansasii. Patients with disseminated NTM infections should be closely monitored if any immunocompromising condition develops.
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Int. J. Infect. Dis. · Mar 2010
Infections associated with indwelling ventriculostomy catheters in a teaching hospital.
Ventriculostomy-associated infections are a serious complication of external ventricular drains. The objective of this study was to analyze the clinical features of and risk factors for such infections. ⋯ Repeated insertion and longer duration of drains are major risk factors for ventriculostomy-associated infections.