Pain research & management : the journal of the Canadian Pain Society = journal de la société canadienne pour le traitement de la douleur
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Despite calls for the development and evaluation of pain education programs during early medical student training, little research has been dedicated to this initiative. ⋯ A high-quality educational seminar using interactive and case-based instruction can enhance students' knowledge of pain management and palliative care. These findings highlight the feasibility of developing and implementing pain education material for medical students during their training.
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In unaided caudal epidural block (CEB), incorrect needle insertion has been reported to occur in 15% to 38% of attempts. ⋯ Both the depth of the sacral canal at the apex of the sacral hiatus and the length of the sacrococcygeal ligament between the apex of the sacral hiatus and sacral base are significant variables affecting the difficulty of the CEB.
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Primary care providers' knowledge, attitudes and beliefs (KAB) regarding chronic noncancer pain (CNCP) are a barrier to optimal management. ⋯ A CEP to improve primary care providers' knowledge and competency in managing CNCP, and to reduce false beliefs and inappropriate attitudes regarding CNCP is relevant and perceived as necessary by clinicians.
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Research investigating how observers empathize or form estimations of an individual experiencing pain suggests that both characteristics of the observer ('top down') and characteristics of the individual in pain ('bottom up') are influential. However, experts have opined that infant behaviour should serve as a crucial determinant of infant pain judgment due to their inability to self-report. ⋯ The results of the present study suggest that parent pain ratings are not predominantly predicted by infant behaviours, especially before four months of age. Current results suggest that recognizing infant pain behaviours during painful events may be an important area of parent education, especially for parents of very young infants. Further work is needed to determine other factors that predict parent judgments of infant pain.
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The prevalence of musculoskeletal chronic pain in adolescents is estimated to be approximately 4% to 40%. The development of musculoskeletal pain during teenage years could have a marked impact on physical, psychological and social well-being. ⋯ The results of the present study suggest an association between sleep problems during adolescence and the presence of musculoskeletal pain at a later stage. These findings are consistent with adult literature suggesting a link between sleep problems and musculoskeletal pain. Given these associations, sleep problems in adolescence may be an important risk factor for musculoskeletal pain.