Pain research & management : the journal of the Canadian Pain Society = journal de la société canadienne pour le traitement de la douleur
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The present study aimed to evaluate the correlation of eye length and bioelectric activity of temporalis, masseter, digastric, and sternocleidomastoid muscles in women with myopia compared to healthy women. ⋯ There is a relationship between the bioelectrical activity of the masticatory muscles and the axial length of the eyeball on the same side.
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This study aimed to evaluate whether the site of C7 neurotomy affects spinal cord glial cell activation and pain-related behavior on the paralyzed side in a rat stroke model. ⋯ The site of C7 neurotomy affects MPWT and spinal cord glial proliferation in rats with MCAO. Nerve division closer to intervertebral foramen resulted in lower MPWT and higher degree of glial proliferation in the spinal cord.
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Pain can alter muscle activity, although it is not clear how pain intensity and site location affect muscle activity. This study aimed to reveal the complex associations among the pain site, pain intensity/quality, muscle activity, and muscle activity distribution. ⋯ Our findings suggest the existence of a motor adaptation that suppresses muscle activity near the painful area as the pain intensity increases. Furthermore, the present study indicates that the presence or absence of this motor adaptation depended on the pain quality.
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Pentazocine produces a wide variety of actions in the treatment of perioperative analgesia. Neostigmine is a cholinesterase inhibitor used to antagonize the residual effects of muscle relaxants and also produces an analgesic effect. ⋯ All of these results suggest that the combined application of pentazocine and neostigmine is an effective way to relieve pain from formalin and acute incision mechanical allodynia. The synergistic effect between pentazocine and neostigmine is mostly attributed to the kappa-opioid receptor and the cholinergic receptor in the spinal cord.
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Caveolae (CAV) are an invaginated microcapsule with the shape of Ω on the surface of the cell membrane. Caveolin-1 (CAV-1) is involved in neuropathic pain, and adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-exchange protein directly activated by cAMP1 (EPAC-1) is a potential therapeutic target for chronic pain. However, whether EPAC-1 promotes chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) through CAV-1 has not been reported. Here, we aim to investigate the underlying mechanism of CAV in CPSP. ⋯ CAV-1 mediates the functional coupling of microglia, astrocytes, and neurons, and thus EPAC-1/CAV-1 plays an important role in CPSP exacerbation.