Pain research & management : the journal of the Canadian Pain Society = journal de la société canadienne pour le traitement de la douleur
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Patient-controlled oral analgesia for postoperative pain management following total knee replacement.
To investigate whether patient-controlled oral analgesia (PCOA) used by individuals receiving a total knee replacement could reduce pain, increase patient satisfaction, reduce opioid use and/or reduce opioid side effects when compared with traditional nurse (RN)-administered oral analgesia. ⋯ PCOA was not superior to RN administration on study outcomes. However, PCOA did not increase opioid use or pain. PCOA remains an important element in the patient-centred care facility.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Gabapentin decreases morphine consumption and improves functional recovery following total knee arthroplasty.
Moderate to severe pain after total knee arthroplasty often interferes with postoperative rehabilitation and delays discharge from hospital. The present study examined the effects of a four-day postoperative gabapentin (GBP) regimen versus placebo on opioid consumption, pain scores and knee flexion, as well as adverse effects, after total knee arthroplasty. ⋯ These results support the use of GBP in the acute postoperative period. Further trials are needed to delineate the optimal dose, timing and duration of GBP use following surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Transdermal nitroglycerin as an adjuvant to patient-controlled morphine analgesia after total knee arthroplasty.
Nitroglycerin (NTG) has been shown to be a useful adjunct for pain treatment without increasing adverse side effects. The effects of NTG on postoperative morphine consumption after knee replacement were evaluated. ⋯ The use of NTG patches conferred no advantage over the use of placebo in patients receiving patient-controlled morphine analgesia after total knee replacement. Two myocardial infarcts occurred in this group. Therefore, the safety of postoperative NTG patch use for pain control must be questioned.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
A randomized, double-blind, crossover comparison of the efficacy and safety of oral controlled-release tramadol and placebo in patients with painful osteoarthritis.
To compare the efficacy and safety of controlled-release (CR) tramadol (Zytram XL, Purdue Pharma, Canada) and placebo in patients with painful osteoarthritis. ⋯ CR tramadol is effective for the management of painful osteoarthritis.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Once-daily, controlled-release tramadol and sustained-release diclofenac relieve chronic pain due to osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial.
The present study was a randomized, parallel, double-blind comparison between controlled-release (CR) tramadol and sustained-release (SR) diclofenac in patients with chronic pain due to osteoarthritis of the hips and/or knees. ⋯ CR tramadol is as effective as SR diclofenac in the treatment of pain due to knee or hip osteoarthritis, with the potential for fewer of the serious side effects that characterize nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug administration.