Archives of disease in childhood
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Observational Study
Parvovirus B19 myocarditis in children: an observational study.
The advent of PCR testing for the presence of viral genomes has led to the identification of parvovirus B19 (PVB19) as a causative agent of myocarditis. ⋯ PVB19 can cause a devastating myocarditis in children. Children with fulminant myocarditis, ST segment changes or a short prodrome have the worst outcome. Transplantation may be considered, but is rarely required in the acute period if mechanical circulatory support is utilised. If the initial presentation is survived, recovery of the myocardium can occur even in those who had fulminant myocarditis.
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Comparative Study
Abusive head trauma and accidental head injury: a 20-year comparative study of referrals to a hospital child protection team.
To describe children referred for suspected abusive head trauma (AHT) to a hospital child protection team in Auckland, New Zealand. ⋯ The striking increase in referrals for AHT probably represents increasing incidence. The decision to refer a hospitalised child with a head injury for assessment for possible AHT should not be influenced by socio-economic status or ethnicity. Children over 2 years old hospitalised for AHT are usually injured by mechanisms involving impact and should be considered at high risk of death.
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To assess the prevalence of engagement in self-asphyxial (risk-taking) behaviour (SAB) ('choking game') and associated morbidity and mortality in children and young people up to age 20. ⋯ The current evidence on SAB among young people is limited, and stems predominantly from North America and France. Awareness of SAB among young people is high, and engagement varies by setting. Further research is needed to understand the level of risk and harm associated with SAB, and to determine the appropriate public health response.