Archives of disease in childhood
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Topical lignocaine for pain relief in acute otitis media: results of a double-blind placebo-controlled randomised trial.
Acute otitis media (AOM) is common in children, yet the optimal management of ear pain associated with AOM has not been well studied. We set out to determine the efficacy of topical aqueous 2% lignocaine eardrops compared with a placebo (saline) for pain relief of AOM in children. ⋯ This study suggests that topical aqueous 2% lignocaine eardrops provide rapid relief for many young children presenting with ear pain attributed to AOM. The concurrent use of simple oral analgesia is a likely contributor to effective management of this painful childhood condition.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Vaccine-related pain: randomised controlled trial of two injection techniques.
To compare acute pain response during immunisation in infants using a slow standard of care injection technique versus a rapid pragmatic technique. ⋯ Immunisation using a pragmatic rapid injection technique is less painful than a slow standard of care technique and should be recommended for routine intramuscular immunisations.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Analgesic effect of watching TV during venipuncture.
To assess the analgesic effect of passive or active distraction during venipuncture in children. ⋯ TV watching was more effective than active distraction. This was due either to the emotional participation of the mothers in the active procedure or to the distracting power of television.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Prednisolone versus dexamethasone in croup: a randomised equivalence trial.
Croup remains a common respiratory problem presenting to emergency departments. A single oral treatment of oral dexamethasone results in improved outcome. Prednisolone has similar pharmacokinetic properties and has a significant advantage in that it is commercially available in liquid preparations. ⋯ A single oral dose of prednisolone is less effective than a single oral dose of dexamethasone in reducing unscheduled re-presentation to medical care in children with mild to moderate croup.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Micronutrients (including zinc) reduce diarrhoea in children: the Pakistan Sprinkles Diarrhoea Study.
To examine the effect of the daily use of micronutrients (including zinc) or the same micronutrients plus heat inactivated lactic acid bacteria (LAB), on diarrhoea in children compared to placebo. ⋯ The daily provision of micronutrients (including zinc) reduces the longitudinal prevalence of diarrhoea and thus may also reduce diarrhoea related mortality in young children; heat inactivated LAB has negative effects in these children.