Cell biochemistry and biophysics
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Cell Biochem. Biophys. · Jan 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialClinical benefit of delamanid (OPC-67683) in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients in China.
The cure rates are much lower for multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) patients. Delamanid (OPC-67683) has been evaluated in phase-II MDR-TB clinical trials. Herein, we reviewed MDR-TB cases in which treatment regimens, with/without delamanid, were administered. ⋯ Six patients had poor outcome (3 failures/2 lost/1 death). In 13 patients, adverse events were observed that included mental disorder, QT interval prolongation, and increased blood cortisol whereas only 3 patients stopped delamanid treatment because of adverse events. It was, therefore, concluded that delamanid was well-tolerated, had low rates of discontinuation, and could be effective for treating MDR-TB.
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Cell Biochem. Biophys. · Jan 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEffect of intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine combined with inhalation of isoflurane on arterial oxygenation and intrapulmonary shunt during single-lung ventilation.
To investigate the changes in arterial oxygenation and intrapulmonary shunt during one-lung ventilation (OLV) with intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine combined with isoflurane inhalation. ASA I-II 60 patients aged 18-70 year, undergoing OLV during elective thoracic surgery were randomly allocated to two groups: (1) isoflurane + saline (group NISO, n = 30) and (2) isoflurane + dexmedetomidine (group DISO, n = 30). After induction, anesthesia was maintained with intravenous infusion of remifentanil 0.1-0.2 μg kg(-1) min(-1) and inhalation isoflurane (1.0-2.0%). ⋯ The two groups were comparable in terms of demographic variables, hemodynamic, PaO2, Qs/QT, end expiration isoflurane and BIS levels during the operation. Compared with patients in the group NISO, there were significant increases with PaO2, significant decrease with Qs/QT, significant decrease with end expiration isoflurane, and significant decrease with HR in the group DISO during the first 40 min of OLV (P < 0.05). Dexmedetomidine infusions decrease the requirement for isoflurane, decrease intrapulmonary shunt, and moderate the change in PaO2 and may be useful in managing OLV.
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Cell Biochem. Biophys. · Jan 2013
Application of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in the management of mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy without intrapulmonary mass: experience from the largest cancer center of southern China.
Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is useful for lung cancer diagnosis and lymph node staging. The purpose of this study was to investigate EBUS-TBNA for managing mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathies without intrapulmonary masses. We retrospectively reviewed our EBUS-TBNA database that was obtained between August 2010 and October 2012. ⋯ The procedures were uneventful and there were no severe complications. EBUS-TBNA is a safe, minimally invasive approach for diagnosing mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathies without intrapulmonary masses. It obviates the need for more invasive procedures for tissue sampling of the mediastinum and hilum.
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Cell Biochem. Biophys. · Jan 2013
Association of the SNP rs1800925(C/T) in the interleukin-13 gene promoter with pulmonary function in Chinese Han patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
The present report studied potential association of the rs1800925(C/T) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the Interleukin (IL)-13 gene promoter with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) in patients of Chinese Han ethnicity. Seventy patients with IPF were enrolled and divided into three subgroups: group A (61-79 % pred. DLCO; n = 22), group B (51-60% pred. ⋯ When the patients were stratified according to their DLCO and DLCO/VA, the frequencies of genotypes CT and TT in the groups A, B, and C were, respectively, 40.9% (9/22), 50% (10/20), and 82.1% (23/28). Thus, significant differences in the distribution of alleles at -1112 region of IL-13 gene were observed among the study groups A, B, and C, with the highest frequency in group C (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the rs1800925 T allele of the IL-13 gene is associated with worse pulmonary function in patients with IPF of Chinese Han ethnicity.
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Cell Biochem. Biophys. · Nov 2012
Comparative StudyComparative antiapoptotic effects of KB-R7943 and ischemic postconditioning during myocardial ischemia reperfusion.
We examined whether KB-R7943 reduced infarct size by attenuating apoptosis during reperfusion and also compared antiapoptotic effects of KB-R7943 and IPost. For this purpose, isolated rat hearts underwent 30-min global ischemia and 120-min reperfusion. Ischemic postconditioning (IPost) (n = 15; three cycles of 10-s reperfusion/10-s ischemia or three cycles of 30-s reperfusion/30-s ischemia) and KB-R7943 (n = 15; 1 μM KB-R at the onset of reperfusion or before ischemia) were compared with controls (n = 12; ischemia-reperfusion only). ⋯ However, IPost (30 s) did not show any effect on necrosis and apoptosis. Akt, eNOS phosphorylation, at 30 min of reperfusion/IPost-10 s was significantly higher than other groups. In conclusion, KB-R7943 was as effective as IPost in reducing necrosis and inhibiting apoptosis and it might be an ideal pharmacological agent to provide a more amenable approach to cardioprotection.