Prehospital emergency care : official journal of the National Association of EMS Physicians and the National Association of State EMS Directors
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High-risk neighborhoods can be identified as census tracts in which cardiac arrest incidence is high and bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) prevalence is low. However, little is known about how best to tailor community CPR training to high-risk neighborhood residents. The objective of this study was to identify factors integral to the design and implementation of community-based CPR intervention programs targeted to these areas. ⋯ Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is a particular risk for minority and low-income communities. By working together with the community key factors integral to designing community-based CPR within these high-risk communities can be identified and implemented.
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Methods currently used to triage patients from mass casualty events have a sparse evidence basis. The objective of this project was to assess gaps of the widely used Simple Triage and Rapid Transport (START) algorithm using a large database when it is used to triage low-acuity patients. Subsequently, we developed and tested evidenced-based improvements to START. ⋯ In this research model using trauma registry data, most START under-triage errors occurred in elderly patients. Overall START accuracy was improved by placing elderly but otherwise minimally injured-mass casualty victims into a higher risk triage level. Alternatively, such patients would be candidates for closer monitoring at the scene or expedited transport ahead of other, younger "Minor/Green" victims.
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The Nebraska Biocontainment Unit through the Nebraska Medical Center in Omaha, Nebraska, recently received patients with confirmed Ebola virus from West Africa. The Nebraska Biocontainment Unit and Omaha Fire Department's emergency medical services (EMS) coordinated patient transportation from airport to the high-level isolation unit. ⋯ Although these transports occurred with advanced notice and after confirmed Ebola virus disease (EVD) diagnosis, approaches and key lessons acquired through this effort will advance the ability of any EMS provider to safely transport a confirmed or suspected patient with EVD. Three critical areas have been identified from our experience: ambulance preparation, appropriate selection and use of personal protective equipment, and environmental decontamination.