The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
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Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. · Jun 2011
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyResults at 30 months of a randomised trial of two 8-month regimens for the treatment of tuberculosis.
An 8-month isoniazid (INH, H) and ethambutol (EMB, E) based regimen recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) had never been evaluated in a randomised controlled multicentre trial. ⋯ These results confirm earlier findings demonstrating the inferiority of the INH+EMB-based regimens to the standard 6-month regimen. The WHO has withdrawn its recommendation of these regimens.
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Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. · Apr 2011
Randomized Controlled TrialImpact of antibiotic prophylaxis on postbronchoscopy fever: a randomised controlled study.
Postbronchoscopy fever can develop in 5-16% of adult patients. The microbiological contribution to postbronchoscopy fever is unclear. ⋯ Prophylactic antibiotics before bronchoscopy did not reduce the frequency of postbronchoscopy fever and did not affect serum levels of pyrogenic cytokines. These findings suggest that microbiological factors may not be responsible for the development of postbronchoscopy fever.
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Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. · May 2010
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyA pilot trial of non-invasive home ventilation after acidotic respiratory failure in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who survive an episode of acute hypercapnic respiratory failure (AHRF) after treatment with non-invasive ventilation (NIV) have a high risk of recurrent AHRF. We hypothesised that continuation of NIV at home in these patients would reduce the likelihood of recurrent AHRF. ⋯ In selected COPD patients with AHRF treated with acute NIV, continuation with home NIV is associated with a lower risk of recurrent severe COPD exacerbation with AHRF when compared with CPAP.
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Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. · Feb 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialA Phase II study of the sterilising activities of ofloxacin, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin in pulmonary tuberculosis.
Current treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) might be shortened by the incorporation of fluoroquinolones (FQs). ⋯ GFX and MFX improve the sterilising activity of regimens and might shorten treatment; their progression into Phase III trials therefore seems warranted.
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Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. · Oct 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyRandomised controlled trial of isoniazid preventive therapy in South African adults with advanced HIV disease.
Tuberculosis (TB) preventive therapy is not effective in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected adults with negative tuberculin skin tests (TSTs). However, there are insufficient data on patients with advanced HIV disease from high TB incidence areas. ⋯ We did not find any association between INH preventive therapy and reductions in incident TB among TST-negative adults with advanced HIV disease, but the study had limited statistical power. High levels of adherence were observed with patient-nominated supervisors.